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Evidence for “Whole Family Approach” in accelerating uptake of COVID-19 and routine immunizations among integrated primary health services in Nigeria

The family is the simplest unit but possesses the strongest bond in society. These qualities — bond and proximity — that exist both within and across neighboring families, according to our research, can be instrumental in shaping a new kind of health promotion strategy that can transform health beha...

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Autores principales: Offor, Chika, Ade-Banjo, Olympus, Nwankwo, Chika, Nwaononiwu, Grace, Adukwu, Faith, Egharevba, Bibianna, Owoyemi, Joshua, Odo, Chibuike, Olatunji, Marvellous
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10232860/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37275182
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frhs.2023.1157377
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author Offor, Chika
Ade-Banjo, Olympus
Nwankwo, Chika
Nwaononiwu, Grace
Adukwu, Faith
Egharevba, Bibianna
Owoyemi, Joshua
Odo, Chibuike
Olatunji, Marvellous
author_facet Offor, Chika
Ade-Banjo, Olympus
Nwankwo, Chika
Nwaononiwu, Grace
Adukwu, Faith
Egharevba, Bibianna
Owoyemi, Joshua
Odo, Chibuike
Olatunji, Marvellous
author_sort Offor, Chika
collection PubMed
description The family is the simplest unit but possesses the strongest bond in society. These qualities — bond and proximity — that exist both within and across neighboring families, according to our research, can be instrumental in shaping a new kind of health promotion strategy that can transform health behaviors in communities. The Whole Family Approach (WFA) is a government-sanctioned approach to increase uptake of COVID-19 vaccines in Nigeria. The approach entails leveraging the high family-based demand for some primary health services, such as malaria, diabetes, hypertension, and reproductive services, to generate demand for COVID-19 and routine immunizations. However, since the announcement in 2021, there has been no available evidence to show the impact of the approach on COVID-19 vaccine uptake, though global literature generally favors family-centered health approaches. This study tests the effectiveness of the approach in increasing the utilization of target services in a Nigerian community and further provides a theoretical framework for the strategy. Two primary healthcare facilities were selected in two communities located in Abuja in a quasi-experimental design. After a small-sample landscape assessment of the communities and the facilities, family-targeting health promotion activities were facilitated in the intervention community (integrated health education by trained community health influencers) and facility (opportunistic health promotion through in-facility referrals) for one month. Anonymized service utilization data were acquired from both facilities over a period of four months to analyze their respective month-by-month service utilization trends. Time trend analysis was conducted and revealed that WFA significantly increased service utilization (N = 5870; p < 0.001, α = 0.01, 99% CI) across all the package services provided at the intervention facility. A supplementary Pearson's correlation analysis further presented a positive relationship (r = 0.432–0.996) among the services which favored the result. It can therefore be concluded that the “Whole Family Approach” of health promotion is efficacious in accelerating uptake of priority health services such as COVID-19 and routine immunizations. While there is more to be understood about this interesting approach, we recommend the improvement of communication and capacity gaps in Nigeria's primary healthcare system to ensure that promising strategies such as the WFA are adequately implemented at the community and facility levels.
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spelling pubmed-102328602023-06-02 Evidence for “Whole Family Approach” in accelerating uptake of COVID-19 and routine immunizations among integrated primary health services in Nigeria Offor, Chika Ade-Banjo, Olympus Nwankwo, Chika Nwaononiwu, Grace Adukwu, Faith Egharevba, Bibianna Owoyemi, Joshua Odo, Chibuike Olatunji, Marvellous Front Health Serv Health Services The family is the simplest unit but possesses the strongest bond in society. These qualities — bond and proximity — that exist both within and across neighboring families, according to our research, can be instrumental in shaping a new kind of health promotion strategy that can transform health behaviors in communities. The Whole Family Approach (WFA) is a government-sanctioned approach to increase uptake of COVID-19 vaccines in Nigeria. The approach entails leveraging the high family-based demand for some primary health services, such as malaria, diabetes, hypertension, and reproductive services, to generate demand for COVID-19 and routine immunizations. However, since the announcement in 2021, there has been no available evidence to show the impact of the approach on COVID-19 vaccine uptake, though global literature generally favors family-centered health approaches. This study tests the effectiveness of the approach in increasing the utilization of target services in a Nigerian community and further provides a theoretical framework for the strategy. Two primary healthcare facilities were selected in two communities located in Abuja in a quasi-experimental design. After a small-sample landscape assessment of the communities and the facilities, family-targeting health promotion activities were facilitated in the intervention community (integrated health education by trained community health influencers) and facility (opportunistic health promotion through in-facility referrals) for one month. Anonymized service utilization data were acquired from both facilities over a period of four months to analyze their respective month-by-month service utilization trends. Time trend analysis was conducted and revealed that WFA significantly increased service utilization (N = 5870; p < 0.001, α = 0.01, 99% CI) across all the package services provided at the intervention facility. A supplementary Pearson's correlation analysis further presented a positive relationship (r = 0.432–0.996) among the services which favored the result. It can therefore be concluded that the “Whole Family Approach” of health promotion is efficacious in accelerating uptake of priority health services such as COVID-19 and routine immunizations. While there is more to be understood about this interesting approach, we recommend the improvement of communication and capacity gaps in Nigeria's primary healthcare system to ensure that promising strategies such as the WFA are adequately implemented at the community and facility levels. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-05-18 /pmc/articles/PMC10232860/ /pubmed/37275182 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frhs.2023.1157377 Text en © 2023 Offor, Ade-Banjo, Nwankwo, Nwaononiwu, Adukwu, Egharevba, Owoyemi, Odo and Olatunji. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Health Services
Offor, Chika
Ade-Banjo, Olympus
Nwankwo, Chika
Nwaononiwu, Grace
Adukwu, Faith
Egharevba, Bibianna
Owoyemi, Joshua
Odo, Chibuike
Olatunji, Marvellous
Evidence for “Whole Family Approach” in accelerating uptake of COVID-19 and routine immunizations among integrated primary health services in Nigeria
title Evidence for “Whole Family Approach” in accelerating uptake of COVID-19 and routine immunizations among integrated primary health services in Nigeria
title_full Evidence for “Whole Family Approach” in accelerating uptake of COVID-19 and routine immunizations among integrated primary health services in Nigeria
title_fullStr Evidence for “Whole Family Approach” in accelerating uptake of COVID-19 and routine immunizations among integrated primary health services in Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Evidence for “Whole Family Approach” in accelerating uptake of COVID-19 and routine immunizations among integrated primary health services in Nigeria
title_short Evidence for “Whole Family Approach” in accelerating uptake of COVID-19 and routine immunizations among integrated primary health services in Nigeria
title_sort evidence for “whole family approach” in accelerating uptake of covid-19 and routine immunizations among integrated primary health services in nigeria
topic Health Services
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10232860/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37275182
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frhs.2023.1157377
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