Detecting rumor outbreaks in online social networks

Social media platforms are broadly used to exchange information by milliards of people worldwide. Each day people share a lot of their updates and opinions on various types of topics. Moreover, politicians also use it to share their postulates and programs, shops to advertise their products, etc. Social media are so popular nowadays because of critical factors, including quick and accessible Internet communication, always available. These conditions make it easy to spread information from one user to another in close neighborhoods and around the whole social network located on the given platform. Unfortunately, it has recently been increasingly used for malicious purposes, e.g., rumor propagation. In most cases, the process starts from multiple nodes (users). There are numerous papers about detecting the real source with only one initiator. There is a lack of solutions dedicated to problems with multiple sources. Most solutions that meet those criteria need an accurate number of origins to detect them correctly, which is impossible to obtain in real-life usage. This paper analyzes the methods to detect rumor outbreaks in online social networks that can be used as an initial guess for the number of real propagation initiators.