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Pluripotent, germ cell competent adult stem cells underlie cnidarian regenerative ability and clonal growth

In most animals, pluripotency is irreversibly lost post gastrulation. By this stage, all embryonic cells have already committed either to one of the somatic lineages (ectoderm, endoderm, or mesoderm) or to the germline. The lack of pluripotent cells in adult life may be linked to organismal aging. C...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Varley, Áine, Horkan, Helen R., McMahon, Emma T., Krasovec, Gabriel, Frank, Uri
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cell Press 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10234598/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37028430
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.03.039
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author Varley, Áine
Horkan, Helen R.
McMahon, Emma T.
Krasovec, Gabriel
Frank, Uri
author_facet Varley, Áine
Horkan, Helen R.
McMahon, Emma T.
Krasovec, Gabriel
Frank, Uri
author_sort Varley, Áine
collection PubMed
description In most animals, pluripotency is irreversibly lost post gastrulation. By this stage, all embryonic cells have already committed either to one of the somatic lineages (ectoderm, endoderm, or mesoderm) or to the germline. The lack of pluripotent cells in adult life may be linked to organismal aging. Cnidarians (corals and jellyfish) are an early branch of animals that do not succumb to age, but the developmental potential of their adult stem cells remains unclear. Here, we show that adult stem cells in the cnidarian Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus (known as i-cells) are pluripotent. We transplanted single i-cells from transgenic fluorescent donors to wild-type recipients and followed them in vivo in the translucent animals. Single engrafted i-cells self-renewed and contributed to all somatic lineages and gamete production, co-existing with and eventually displacing the allogeneic recipient’s cells. Hence, a fully functional, sexually competent individual can derive from a single adult i-cell. Pluripotent i-cells enable regenerative, plant-like clonal growth in these animals.
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spelling pubmed-102345982023-06-02 Pluripotent, germ cell competent adult stem cells underlie cnidarian regenerative ability and clonal growth Varley, Áine Horkan, Helen R. McMahon, Emma T. Krasovec, Gabriel Frank, Uri Curr Biol Article In most animals, pluripotency is irreversibly lost post gastrulation. By this stage, all embryonic cells have already committed either to one of the somatic lineages (ectoderm, endoderm, or mesoderm) or to the germline. The lack of pluripotent cells in adult life may be linked to organismal aging. Cnidarians (corals and jellyfish) are an early branch of animals that do not succumb to age, but the developmental potential of their adult stem cells remains unclear. Here, we show that adult stem cells in the cnidarian Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus (known as i-cells) are pluripotent. We transplanted single i-cells from transgenic fluorescent donors to wild-type recipients and followed them in vivo in the translucent animals. Single engrafted i-cells self-renewed and contributed to all somatic lineages and gamete production, co-existing with and eventually displacing the allogeneic recipient’s cells. Hence, a fully functional, sexually competent individual can derive from a single adult i-cell. Pluripotent i-cells enable regenerative, plant-like clonal growth in these animals. Cell Press 2023-05-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10234598/ /pubmed/37028430 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.03.039 Text en © 2023 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Varley, Áine
Horkan, Helen R.
McMahon, Emma T.
Krasovec, Gabriel
Frank, Uri
Pluripotent, germ cell competent adult stem cells underlie cnidarian regenerative ability and clonal growth
title Pluripotent, germ cell competent adult stem cells underlie cnidarian regenerative ability and clonal growth
title_full Pluripotent, germ cell competent adult stem cells underlie cnidarian regenerative ability and clonal growth
title_fullStr Pluripotent, germ cell competent adult stem cells underlie cnidarian regenerative ability and clonal growth
title_full_unstemmed Pluripotent, germ cell competent adult stem cells underlie cnidarian regenerative ability and clonal growth
title_short Pluripotent, germ cell competent adult stem cells underlie cnidarian regenerative ability and clonal growth
title_sort pluripotent, germ cell competent adult stem cells underlie cnidarian regenerative ability and clonal growth
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10234598/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37028430
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.03.039
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