CT-Kolonographie: Technik und Indikationen

BACKGROUND: Dedicated radiological expertise and a high-quality examination, performed according to current technical standards and for accepted indications, are prerequisite to achieve excellent results with CT colonography (CTC). OBJECTIVES: The aim of this article is to review current standards of the examination technique as well as indications and contraindications for CTC based on recent recommendations and guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Based on extensive literature research, current knowledge about the examination technique and the indications and contraindications is summarized. RESULTS: CTC is the radiological examination of choice for the detection of colorectal neoplasia. Beside incomplete or refused colonoscopy and contraindications to colonoscopy, CTC is also a noninvasive option for opportunistic colorectal cancer screening. The examination technique is based on a CTC-specific patient preparation scheme that includes fecal tagging, colonic distension, low-dose CT scans in two patient positions and a combined 2D and 3D data evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: Performing CTC according to current technical standards is prerequisite for high-quality examinations and is, thus, also a key factor to obtain a correct diagnosis. CTC is a noninvasive examination, capable of providing clinically relevant diagnoses for a wide range of indications.