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Livestock producers' knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAB) regarding antimicrobial use in Ethiopia

INTRODUCTION: Inappropriate antimicrobial use (AMU) in livestock production is an important aspect of the global burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In Ethiopia, a low-income country with a large and increasing livestock population, AMU in food animals is not properly regulated. Hence, farmers...

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Autores principales: Tufa, Takele B., Regassa, Fikru, Amenu, Kebede, Stegeman, J. A., Hogeveen, Henk
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10235446/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37275603
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1167847
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author Tufa, Takele B.
Regassa, Fikru
Amenu, Kebede
Stegeman, J. A.
Hogeveen, Henk
author_facet Tufa, Takele B.
Regassa, Fikru
Amenu, Kebede
Stegeman, J. A.
Hogeveen, Henk
author_sort Tufa, Takele B.
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Inappropriate antimicrobial use (AMU) in livestock production is an important aspect of the global burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In Ethiopia, a low-income country with a large and increasing livestock population, AMU in food animals is not properly regulated. Hence, farmers are fully free to use antimicrobials to their (perceived) benefit. Therefore, understanding farmers' mindsets is important to improve antimicrobial stewardship in the livestock sector. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess livestock disease management practices and knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAB) among livestock producers regarding AMU, residues, and resistance, as well as factors potentially explaining differences in KAB. We determined the KAB of livestock owners of three selected districts of central and western Ethiopia (n = 457), using a pretested questionnaire administered through face-to-face interviews. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between potential explanatory variables and the KAB scores of the respondents. RESULTS: The results showed that 44% of the farmers used antimicrobials in the past few years, where antibiotics (21%) and trypanocides (11%) were most widely used to manage livestock diseases. Furthermore, most farmers showed poor knowledge about AMU, residues, and AMR (94%) and unfavorable attitudes (<50% correct answers) toward contributing factors for AMR (97%). On the contrary, 80% of the respondents had overall good behavior scores (≥50% correct answers) related to AMU. Multivariate analysis results showed that having good knowledge, keeping ≥2 animal species, and the occurrence of ≥4 livestock diseases on the farm in a year were strong predictors of bad behavior scores (p < 0.05). The findings of the current investigation also revealed that the incidence of livestock diseases on the farm and a higher level of formal education significantly contributed to better knowledge and desirable attitudes but bad AMU behavior. CONCLUSION: A low level of awareness about and undesirable attitudes toward AMU and AMR could potentially affect farmers' behavior toward judicious AMU, thus requiring awareness creation efforts on livestock disease management practices.
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spelling pubmed-102354462023-06-03 Livestock producers' knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAB) regarding antimicrobial use in Ethiopia Tufa, Takele B. Regassa, Fikru Amenu, Kebede Stegeman, J. A. Hogeveen, Henk Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science INTRODUCTION: Inappropriate antimicrobial use (AMU) in livestock production is an important aspect of the global burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In Ethiopia, a low-income country with a large and increasing livestock population, AMU in food animals is not properly regulated. Hence, farmers are fully free to use antimicrobials to their (perceived) benefit. Therefore, understanding farmers' mindsets is important to improve antimicrobial stewardship in the livestock sector. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess livestock disease management practices and knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAB) among livestock producers regarding AMU, residues, and resistance, as well as factors potentially explaining differences in KAB. We determined the KAB of livestock owners of three selected districts of central and western Ethiopia (n = 457), using a pretested questionnaire administered through face-to-face interviews. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between potential explanatory variables and the KAB scores of the respondents. RESULTS: The results showed that 44% of the farmers used antimicrobials in the past few years, where antibiotics (21%) and trypanocides (11%) were most widely used to manage livestock diseases. Furthermore, most farmers showed poor knowledge about AMU, residues, and AMR (94%) and unfavorable attitudes (<50% correct answers) toward contributing factors for AMR (97%). On the contrary, 80% of the respondents had overall good behavior scores (≥50% correct answers) related to AMU. Multivariate analysis results showed that having good knowledge, keeping ≥2 animal species, and the occurrence of ≥4 livestock diseases on the farm in a year were strong predictors of bad behavior scores (p < 0.05). The findings of the current investigation also revealed that the incidence of livestock diseases on the farm and a higher level of formal education significantly contributed to better knowledge and desirable attitudes but bad AMU behavior. CONCLUSION: A low level of awareness about and undesirable attitudes toward AMU and AMR could potentially affect farmers' behavior toward judicious AMU, thus requiring awareness creation efforts on livestock disease management practices. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC10235446/ /pubmed/37275603 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1167847 Text en Copyright © 2023 Tufa, Regassa, Amenu, Stegeman and Hogeveen. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Tufa, Takele B.
Regassa, Fikru
Amenu, Kebede
Stegeman, J. A.
Hogeveen, Henk
Livestock producers' knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAB) regarding antimicrobial use in Ethiopia
title Livestock producers' knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAB) regarding antimicrobial use in Ethiopia
title_full Livestock producers' knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAB) regarding antimicrobial use in Ethiopia
title_fullStr Livestock producers' knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAB) regarding antimicrobial use in Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed Livestock producers' knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAB) regarding antimicrobial use in Ethiopia
title_short Livestock producers' knowledge, attitude, and behavior (KAB) regarding antimicrobial use in Ethiopia
title_sort livestock producers' knowledge, attitude, and behavior (kab) regarding antimicrobial use in ethiopia
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10235446/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37275603
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1167847
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