Cargando…

Ability of high fat diet to induce liver pathology correlates with the level of linoleic acid and Vitamin E in the diet

Increased uptake of fat, such as through the ingestion of high fat diet (HFD), can lead to fatty liver diseases and metabolic syndrome. It is not clear whether certain fatty acids may be more pathogenic than others to the liver. Linoleic acid (LA) is the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in t...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Graham, Dalton S., Liu, Gang, Arasteh, Ailar, Yin, Xiao-Ming, Yan, Shengmin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10237441/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37267350
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286726
_version_ 1785053156426645504
author Graham, Dalton S.
Liu, Gang
Arasteh, Ailar
Yin, Xiao-Ming
Yan, Shengmin
author_facet Graham, Dalton S.
Liu, Gang
Arasteh, Ailar
Yin, Xiao-Ming
Yan, Shengmin
author_sort Graham, Dalton S.
collection PubMed
description Increased uptake of fat, such as through the ingestion of high fat diet (HFD), can lead to fatty liver diseases and metabolic syndrome. It is not clear whether certain fatty acids may be more pathogenic than others to the liver. Linoleic acid (LA) is the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in the Western diet and its excessive consumption can lead to increased lipid peroxidation. We hypothesized that a high level of LA in HFD will contribute significantly to the hepatic steatosis and injury, whereas vitamin E (VIT-E) may reverse the effects from LA by inhibiting lipid peroxidation. To test this hypothesis, we fed mice with the following diets for 20 weeks: a standard low-fat diet (CHOW), HFD with a low level of LA (LOW-LA, 1% of energy from LA), HFD with a high level of LA (HI-LA, 8% of energy from LA), or HI-LA diet with VIT-E supplement (HI-LA + VIT-E). We found that the HI-LA diet resulted in more body weight gain, larger adipocyte area, and higher serum levels of triglycerides (TG) and free fatty acids (FFA) relative to the CHOW and LOW-LA diets. In mice fed with the HI-LA diet, severer hepatic steatosis was seen with higher levels of hepatic TG and FFA. Expression of genes related to lipid metabolism was altered in the liver by HI-LA diet, including fibroblast growth factor 21 (Fgf21), cluster of differentiation 36 (Cd36), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1), and acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (Acox1). Liver injury, inflammation and fibrotic response were all enhanced in mice fed with the HI-LA diet when compared with the LOW-LA diet. Notably, addition of VIT-E supplement, which restores the proper VIT-E/PUFA ratio, significantly reduced the detrimental effects of the high level of LA. Taken together, our results suggest that a high level of LA and a low ratio of VIT-E/PUFA in HFD can contribute significantly to metabolic abnormalities and hepatic injury.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10237441
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher Public Library of Science
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-102374412023-06-03 Ability of high fat diet to induce liver pathology correlates with the level of linoleic acid and Vitamin E in the diet Graham, Dalton S. Liu, Gang Arasteh, Ailar Yin, Xiao-Ming Yan, Shengmin PLoS One Research Article Increased uptake of fat, such as through the ingestion of high fat diet (HFD), can lead to fatty liver diseases and metabolic syndrome. It is not clear whether certain fatty acids may be more pathogenic than others to the liver. Linoleic acid (LA) is the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in the Western diet and its excessive consumption can lead to increased lipid peroxidation. We hypothesized that a high level of LA in HFD will contribute significantly to the hepatic steatosis and injury, whereas vitamin E (VIT-E) may reverse the effects from LA by inhibiting lipid peroxidation. To test this hypothesis, we fed mice with the following diets for 20 weeks: a standard low-fat diet (CHOW), HFD with a low level of LA (LOW-LA, 1% of energy from LA), HFD with a high level of LA (HI-LA, 8% of energy from LA), or HI-LA diet with VIT-E supplement (HI-LA + VIT-E). We found that the HI-LA diet resulted in more body weight gain, larger adipocyte area, and higher serum levels of triglycerides (TG) and free fatty acids (FFA) relative to the CHOW and LOW-LA diets. In mice fed with the HI-LA diet, severer hepatic steatosis was seen with higher levels of hepatic TG and FFA. Expression of genes related to lipid metabolism was altered in the liver by HI-LA diet, including fibroblast growth factor 21 (Fgf21), cluster of differentiation 36 (Cd36), stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1), and acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (Acox1). Liver injury, inflammation and fibrotic response were all enhanced in mice fed with the HI-LA diet when compared with the LOW-LA diet. Notably, addition of VIT-E supplement, which restores the proper VIT-E/PUFA ratio, significantly reduced the detrimental effects of the high level of LA. Taken together, our results suggest that a high level of LA and a low ratio of VIT-E/PUFA in HFD can contribute significantly to metabolic abnormalities and hepatic injury. Public Library of Science 2023-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10237441/ /pubmed/37267350 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286726 Text en © 2023 Graham et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Graham, Dalton S.
Liu, Gang
Arasteh, Ailar
Yin, Xiao-Ming
Yan, Shengmin
Ability of high fat diet to induce liver pathology correlates with the level of linoleic acid and Vitamin E in the diet
title Ability of high fat diet to induce liver pathology correlates with the level of linoleic acid and Vitamin E in the diet
title_full Ability of high fat diet to induce liver pathology correlates with the level of linoleic acid and Vitamin E in the diet
title_fullStr Ability of high fat diet to induce liver pathology correlates with the level of linoleic acid and Vitamin E in the diet
title_full_unstemmed Ability of high fat diet to induce liver pathology correlates with the level of linoleic acid and Vitamin E in the diet
title_short Ability of high fat diet to induce liver pathology correlates with the level of linoleic acid and Vitamin E in the diet
title_sort ability of high fat diet to induce liver pathology correlates with the level of linoleic acid and vitamin e in the diet
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10237441/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37267350
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286726
work_keys_str_mv AT grahamdaltons abilityofhighfatdiettoinduceliverpathologycorrelateswiththeleveloflinoleicacidandvitamineinthediet
AT liugang abilityofhighfatdiettoinduceliverpathologycorrelateswiththeleveloflinoleicacidandvitamineinthediet
AT arastehailar abilityofhighfatdiettoinduceliverpathologycorrelateswiththeleveloflinoleicacidandvitamineinthediet
AT yinxiaoming abilityofhighfatdiettoinduceliverpathologycorrelateswiththeleveloflinoleicacidandvitamineinthediet
AT yanshengmin abilityofhighfatdiettoinduceliverpathologycorrelateswiththeleveloflinoleicacidandvitamineinthediet