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A Retrospective Study of Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Hospitalized Patients Aged ≥65 Years in Izumo, Japan: 2010 to 2014

PURPOSE: In Japan, both a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) and a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) are available. Although randomized controlled trials have examined the effects of pneumococcal vaccines, few epidemiological studies have investigated the onset of...

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Autores principales: Hamaguchi, Megumi, Tsubata, Yukari, Yoshihara, Ken, Nakao, Mika, Amano, Yoshihiro, Nakashima, Kazuhisa, Hotta, Takamasa, Okimoto, Tamio, Hamaguchi, Shunichi, Sutani, Akihisa, Isobe, Takeshi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10239233/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37275335
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S407732
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author Hamaguchi, Megumi
Tsubata, Yukari
Yoshihara, Ken
Nakao, Mika
Amano, Yoshihiro
Nakashima, Kazuhisa
Hotta, Takamasa
Okimoto, Tamio
Hamaguchi, Shunichi
Sutani, Akihisa
Isobe, Takeshi
author_facet Hamaguchi, Megumi
Tsubata, Yukari
Yoshihara, Ken
Nakao, Mika
Amano, Yoshihiro
Nakashima, Kazuhisa
Hotta, Takamasa
Okimoto, Tamio
Hamaguchi, Shunichi
Sutani, Akihisa
Isobe, Takeshi
author_sort Hamaguchi, Megumi
collection PubMed
description PURPOSE: In Japan, both a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) and a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) are available. Although randomized controlled trials have examined the effects of pneumococcal vaccines, few epidemiological studies have investigated the onset of pneumococcal pneumonia in general practice. In Izumo, Shimane Prefecture, Japan, a public subsidy for PPSV23 inoculation began in November 2012. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The subjects were pneumonia patients aged 65 and over who were admitted to a hospital in Izumo. This retrospective study analyzed the following data extracted from medical records: pneumococcal pneumonia prevalence, pneumonia severity, mortality rate, PPSV23 vaccination rate, and length of hospital stay. The 2 years before the start of the public subsidy were defined as the early phase, and the 2 years after the subsidy initiation were defined as the late phase. We compared the two phases in terms of PPSV23 vaccination rate, prevalence and severity of pneumococcal pneumonia, and mortality rate. RESULTS: We investigated data from a total of 1188 and 1086 patients in the early and late phases, respectively. The prevalence of pneumococcal pneumonia was 21.0% and 21.3% in the early and late phases, respectively. The mortality rate from pneumococcal pneumonia was 10.4% and 5.4% in the early and late phases, respectively (p = 0.080), indicating a 50% reduction. The PPSV23 vaccination rate (p < 0.001) and the comorbidity rates of chronic respiratory disease (p = 0.022) and chronic renal disease (p < 0.001) were significantly different between the early and late phases. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the rate of in-hospital deaths due to pneumococcal pneumonia was halved after the PPSV23 vaccine was subsidized. The causal relationship between the pneumococcal vaccination rate and the mortality rate of pneumococcal disease was unclear. Further investigation is deemed necessary.
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spelling pubmed-102392332023-06-04 A Retrospective Study of Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Hospitalized Patients Aged ≥65 Years in Izumo, Japan: 2010 to 2014 Hamaguchi, Megumi Tsubata, Yukari Yoshihara, Ken Nakao, Mika Amano, Yoshihiro Nakashima, Kazuhisa Hotta, Takamasa Okimoto, Tamio Hamaguchi, Shunichi Sutani, Akihisa Isobe, Takeshi Int J Gen Med Original Research PURPOSE: In Japan, both a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) and a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) are available. Although randomized controlled trials have examined the effects of pneumococcal vaccines, few epidemiological studies have investigated the onset of pneumococcal pneumonia in general practice. In Izumo, Shimane Prefecture, Japan, a public subsidy for PPSV23 inoculation began in November 2012. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The subjects were pneumonia patients aged 65 and over who were admitted to a hospital in Izumo. This retrospective study analyzed the following data extracted from medical records: pneumococcal pneumonia prevalence, pneumonia severity, mortality rate, PPSV23 vaccination rate, and length of hospital stay. The 2 years before the start of the public subsidy were defined as the early phase, and the 2 years after the subsidy initiation were defined as the late phase. We compared the two phases in terms of PPSV23 vaccination rate, prevalence and severity of pneumococcal pneumonia, and mortality rate. RESULTS: We investigated data from a total of 1188 and 1086 patients in the early and late phases, respectively. The prevalence of pneumococcal pneumonia was 21.0% and 21.3% in the early and late phases, respectively. The mortality rate from pneumococcal pneumonia was 10.4% and 5.4% in the early and late phases, respectively (p = 0.080), indicating a 50% reduction. The PPSV23 vaccination rate (p < 0.001) and the comorbidity rates of chronic respiratory disease (p = 0.022) and chronic renal disease (p < 0.001) were significantly different between the early and late phases. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the rate of in-hospital deaths due to pneumococcal pneumonia was halved after the PPSV23 vaccine was subsidized. The causal relationship between the pneumococcal vaccination rate and the mortality rate of pneumococcal disease was unclear. Further investigation is deemed necessary. Dove 2023-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10239233/ /pubmed/37275335 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S407732 Text en © 2023 Hamaguchi et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Original Research
Hamaguchi, Megumi
Tsubata, Yukari
Yoshihara, Ken
Nakao, Mika
Amano, Yoshihiro
Nakashima, Kazuhisa
Hotta, Takamasa
Okimoto, Tamio
Hamaguchi, Shunichi
Sutani, Akihisa
Isobe, Takeshi
A Retrospective Study of Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Hospitalized Patients Aged ≥65 Years in Izumo, Japan: 2010 to 2014
title A Retrospective Study of Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Hospitalized Patients Aged ≥65 Years in Izumo, Japan: 2010 to 2014
title_full A Retrospective Study of Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Hospitalized Patients Aged ≥65 Years in Izumo, Japan: 2010 to 2014
title_fullStr A Retrospective Study of Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Hospitalized Patients Aged ≥65 Years in Izumo, Japan: 2010 to 2014
title_full_unstemmed A Retrospective Study of Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Hospitalized Patients Aged ≥65 Years in Izumo, Japan: 2010 to 2014
title_short A Retrospective Study of Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Hospitalized Patients Aged ≥65 Years in Izumo, Japan: 2010 to 2014
title_sort retrospective study of pneumococcal pneumonia in hospitalized patients aged ≥65 years in izumo, japan: 2010 to 2014
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10239233/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37275335
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S407732
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