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Utility of MF-non coding region for measles molecular surveillance during post-elimination phase, Spain, 2017–2020

BACKGROUND: In countries entering the post-elimination phase for measles, the study of variants by sequencing of 450 nucleotides of the N gene (N450) does not always allow the tracing of chains of transmission. Indeed, between 2017 and 2020, most measles virus sequences belonged to either the MVs/Du...

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Autores principales: Jacqueline, Camille, Gavilán, Ana María, López-Perea, Noemí, Penedos, Ana Raquel, Masa-Calles, Josefa, Echevarría, Juan E., Fernández-García, Aurora
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10240958/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37283922
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1143933
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author Jacqueline, Camille
Gavilán, Ana María
López-Perea, Noemí
Penedos, Ana Raquel
Masa-Calles, Josefa
Echevarría, Juan E.
Fernández-García, Aurora
author_facet Jacqueline, Camille
Gavilán, Ana María
López-Perea, Noemí
Penedos, Ana Raquel
Masa-Calles, Josefa
Echevarría, Juan E.
Fernández-García, Aurora
author_sort Jacqueline, Camille
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: In countries entering the post-elimination phase for measles, the study of variants by sequencing of 450 nucleotides of the N gene (N450) does not always allow the tracing of chains of transmission. Indeed, between 2017 and 2020, most measles virus sequences belonged to either the MVs/Dublin.IRL/8.16 (B3-Dublin) or the MVs/Gir Somnath.IND/42.16 (D8-Gir Somnath) variants. We evaluated the additional use of a non-coding region (MF-NCR) as a tool to enhance resolution and infer case origin, chains of transmission and characterize outbreaks. METHODS: We obtained 115 high-quality MF-NCR sequences from strains collected from Spanish patients infected with either B3-Dublin or D8-Gir Somnath variants between 2017 and 2020, performed epidemiological, phylogenetic and phylodynamic analyses and applied a mathematical model to determine relatedness among identified clades. RESULTS: Applying this model allowed us to identify phylogenetic clades potentially derived from concomitant importations of the virus rather than single chain of transmission, inferred based on only N450 and epidemiology data. In a third outbreak, we found two related clades that corresponded to two chains of transmission. DISCUSSION: Our results show the ability of the proposed method to improve identification of simultaneous importations in the same region which could trigger enhanced contact tracing. Moreover, the identification of further transmission chains indicates that the size of import-related outbreaks was smaller than previously found, supporting the interpretation that endemic measles transmission was absent in Spain between 2017 and 2020. We suggest considering the use of the MF-NCR region in conjunction with the study of N450 variants in future WHO recommendations for measles surveillance.
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spelling pubmed-102409582023-06-06 Utility of MF-non coding region for measles molecular surveillance during post-elimination phase, Spain, 2017–2020 Jacqueline, Camille Gavilán, Ana María López-Perea, Noemí Penedos, Ana Raquel Masa-Calles, Josefa Echevarría, Juan E. Fernández-García, Aurora Front Microbiol Microbiology BACKGROUND: In countries entering the post-elimination phase for measles, the study of variants by sequencing of 450 nucleotides of the N gene (N450) does not always allow the tracing of chains of transmission. Indeed, between 2017 and 2020, most measles virus sequences belonged to either the MVs/Dublin.IRL/8.16 (B3-Dublin) or the MVs/Gir Somnath.IND/42.16 (D8-Gir Somnath) variants. We evaluated the additional use of a non-coding region (MF-NCR) as a tool to enhance resolution and infer case origin, chains of transmission and characterize outbreaks. METHODS: We obtained 115 high-quality MF-NCR sequences from strains collected from Spanish patients infected with either B3-Dublin or D8-Gir Somnath variants between 2017 and 2020, performed epidemiological, phylogenetic and phylodynamic analyses and applied a mathematical model to determine relatedness among identified clades. RESULTS: Applying this model allowed us to identify phylogenetic clades potentially derived from concomitant importations of the virus rather than single chain of transmission, inferred based on only N450 and epidemiology data. In a third outbreak, we found two related clades that corresponded to two chains of transmission. DISCUSSION: Our results show the ability of the proposed method to improve identification of simultaneous importations in the same region which could trigger enhanced contact tracing. Moreover, the identification of further transmission chains indicates that the size of import-related outbreaks was smaller than previously found, supporting the interpretation that endemic measles transmission was absent in Spain between 2017 and 2020. We suggest considering the use of the MF-NCR region in conjunction with the study of N450 variants in future WHO recommendations for measles surveillance. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-05-22 /pmc/articles/PMC10240958/ /pubmed/37283922 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1143933 Text en Copyright © 2023 Jacqueline, Gavilán, López-Perea, Penedos, Masa-Calles, Echevarría, Fernández-García and on behalf of the MMR Study Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Jacqueline, Camille
Gavilán, Ana María
López-Perea, Noemí
Penedos, Ana Raquel
Masa-Calles, Josefa
Echevarría, Juan E.
Fernández-García, Aurora
Utility of MF-non coding region for measles molecular surveillance during post-elimination phase, Spain, 2017–2020
title Utility of MF-non coding region for measles molecular surveillance during post-elimination phase, Spain, 2017–2020
title_full Utility of MF-non coding region for measles molecular surveillance during post-elimination phase, Spain, 2017–2020
title_fullStr Utility of MF-non coding region for measles molecular surveillance during post-elimination phase, Spain, 2017–2020
title_full_unstemmed Utility of MF-non coding region for measles molecular surveillance during post-elimination phase, Spain, 2017–2020
title_short Utility of MF-non coding region for measles molecular surveillance during post-elimination phase, Spain, 2017–2020
title_sort utility of mf-non coding region for measles molecular surveillance during post-elimination phase, spain, 2017–2020
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10240958/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37283922
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1143933
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