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Activation of cytosolic RNA sensors by endogenous ligands: roles in disease pathogenesis

Early detection of infection is a central and critical component of our innate immune system. Mammalian cells have developed specialized receptors that detect RNA with unusual structures or of foreign origin – a hallmark of many virus infections. Activation of these receptors induces inflammatory re...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Straub, Sarah, Sampaio, Natalia G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10244536/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37292201
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1092790
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author Straub, Sarah
Sampaio, Natalia G.
author_facet Straub, Sarah
Sampaio, Natalia G.
author_sort Straub, Sarah
collection PubMed
description Early detection of infection is a central and critical component of our innate immune system. Mammalian cells have developed specialized receptors that detect RNA with unusual structures or of foreign origin – a hallmark of many virus infections. Activation of these receptors induces inflammatory responses and an antiviral state. However, it is increasingly appreciated that these RNA sensors can also be activated in the absence of infection, and that this ‘self-activation’ can be pathogenic and promote disease. Here, we review recent discoveries in sterile activation of the cytosolic innate immune receptors that bind RNA. We focus on new aspects of endogenous ligand recognition uncovered in these studies, and their roles in disease pathogenesis.
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spelling pubmed-102445362023-06-08 Activation of cytosolic RNA sensors by endogenous ligands: roles in disease pathogenesis Straub, Sarah Sampaio, Natalia G. Front Immunol Immunology Early detection of infection is a central and critical component of our innate immune system. Mammalian cells have developed specialized receptors that detect RNA with unusual structures or of foreign origin – a hallmark of many virus infections. Activation of these receptors induces inflammatory responses and an antiviral state. However, it is increasingly appreciated that these RNA sensors can also be activated in the absence of infection, and that this ‘self-activation’ can be pathogenic and promote disease. Here, we review recent discoveries in sterile activation of the cytosolic innate immune receptors that bind RNA. We focus on new aspects of endogenous ligand recognition uncovered in these studies, and their roles in disease pathogenesis. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-05-24 /pmc/articles/PMC10244536/ /pubmed/37292201 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1092790 Text en Copyright © 2023 Straub and Sampaio https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Straub, Sarah
Sampaio, Natalia G.
Activation of cytosolic RNA sensors by endogenous ligands: roles in disease pathogenesis
title Activation of cytosolic RNA sensors by endogenous ligands: roles in disease pathogenesis
title_full Activation of cytosolic RNA sensors by endogenous ligands: roles in disease pathogenesis
title_fullStr Activation of cytosolic RNA sensors by endogenous ligands: roles in disease pathogenesis
title_full_unstemmed Activation of cytosolic RNA sensors by endogenous ligands: roles in disease pathogenesis
title_short Activation of cytosolic RNA sensors by endogenous ligands: roles in disease pathogenesis
title_sort activation of cytosolic rna sensors by endogenous ligands: roles in disease pathogenesis
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10244536/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37292201
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1092790
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