Exploring the role of CBT in the self-management of type 2 diabetes: A rapid review

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes has been recognised as a global health concern: one that requires intervention to lessen the incumbrance caused by the chronic illness. This rapid review was conducted to determine the scientific evidence available on how Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) interventions improved the self-management of individuals with type 2 diabetes. AIM: The aim of the review was to synthesise current scientific evidence regarding CBT-based interventions and self-management practices. METHOD: The rapid review served as a framework to appraise current national and international literature. The researchers used Google Scholar, Journal Storage (JSTOR), PsycINFO, APA PsycArticles, SAGE journals and EBSCO Discovery Services to search for relevant studies. This was performed by employing keywords. Nine relevant studies were identified. The studies were heterogenous in methodology. Seven of the nine studies were conducted in developing countries. RESULTS: The study found that the context of developmental countries plays a significant role in the development of type 2 diabetes and requires tailored intervention because of socio-economic variabilities. The main themes identified in relation to improving self-management included: the characteristics of the CBT-based interventions, namely the format, duration, and outcomes, and identifying the techniques and components used in the CBT-based interventions. CONCLUSION: The review emphasised the need to further investigate the role of CBT in improving self-management of type 2 diabetes, especially in a South African context. CONTRIBUTION: The review summarised the techniques that have proven to be effective for the self-management of type 2 diabetes.