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Temporal dynamics of trauma memory persistence

Traumatic events lead to distressing memories, but such memories are made all the worse when they intrude to mind unbidden and recurrently. Intrusive memories and flashbacks after trauma are prominent in several mental disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder and can persist for years. Cr...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Bonsall, Michael B., Holmes, Emily A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10244962/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37282590
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2023.0108
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author Bonsall, Michael B.
Holmes, Emily A.
author_facet Bonsall, Michael B.
Holmes, Emily A.
author_sort Bonsall, Michael B.
collection PubMed
description Traumatic events lead to distressing memories, but such memories are made all the worse when they intrude to mind unbidden and recurrently. Intrusive memories and flashbacks after trauma are prominent in several mental disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder and can persist for years. Critically, the reduction of intrusive memories provides a treatment target. While cognitive and descriptive models for psychological trauma exist, these lack formal quantitative structure and robust empirical validation. Here, using techniques from stochastic process theory, we develop a mechanistically driven, quantitative framework to extend understanding of the temporal dynamic processes of trauma memory. Our approach is to develop a probabilistic description of memory mechanisms to link to the broader goals of trauma treatment. We show how the marginal gains of treatments for intrusive memories can be enhanced as key properties (intervention strength and reminder strength) of the intervention and memory consolidation (probability memories are labile) vary. Parametrizing the framework with empirical data highlights that while emerging interventions to reduce occurrence of intrusive memories can be effective, counterintuitively, weakening multiple reactivation cues may help reduce intrusive memories more than would stronger cues. More broadly, the approach provides a quantitative framework for associating neural mechanisms of memory with broader cognitive processes.
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spelling pubmed-102449622023-06-08 Temporal dynamics of trauma memory persistence Bonsall, Michael B. Holmes, Emily A. J R Soc Interface Life Sciences–Mathematics interface Traumatic events lead to distressing memories, but such memories are made all the worse when they intrude to mind unbidden and recurrently. Intrusive memories and flashbacks after trauma are prominent in several mental disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder and can persist for years. Critically, the reduction of intrusive memories provides a treatment target. While cognitive and descriptive models for psychological trauma exist, these lack formal quantitative structure and robust empirical validation. Here, using techniques from stochastic process theory, we develop a mechanistically driven, quantitative framework to extend understanding of the temporal dynamic processes of trauma memory. Our approach is to develop a probabilistic description of memory mechanisms to link to the broader goals of trauma treatment. We show how the marginal gains of treatments for intrusive memories can be enhanced as key properties (intervention strength and reminder strength) of the intervention and memory consolidation (probability memories are labile) vary. Parametrizing the framework with empirical data highlights that while emerging interventions to reduce occurrence of intrusive memories can be effective, counterintuitively, weakening multiple reactivation cues may help reduce intrusive memories more than would stronger cues. More broadly, the approach provides a quantitative framework for associating neural mechanisms of memory with broader cognitive processes. The Royal Society 2023-06-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10244962/ /pubmed/37282590 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2023.0108 Text en © 2023 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Life Sciences–Mathematics interface
Bonsall, Michael B.
Holmes, Emily A.
Temporal dynamics of trauma memory persistence
title Temporal dynamics of trauma memory persistence
title_full Temporal dynamics of trauma memory persistence
title_fullStr Temporal dynamics of trauma memory persistence
title_full_unstemmed Temporal dynamics of trauma memory persistence
title_short Temporal dynamics of trauma memory persistence
title_sort temporal dynamics of trauma memory persistence
topic Life Sciences–Mathematics interface
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10244962/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37282590
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2023.0108
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