Usefulness of cyst-subarachnoid shunt using syringo-subarachnoid shunt tube for symptomatic enlarging ventriculus terminalis: A case report and review of the literature

BACKGROUND: The ventriculus terminalis (VT) is a cystic embryological remnant of the conus medullaris that usually regresses after birth. This structure rarely persists into adulthood and may produce neurological symptoms. We recently encountered three cases of symptomatic enlarging VT. CASE DESCRIPTION: The three female patients were 78, 64, and 67 years old. Symptoms included pain, numbness, motor weakness, and frequent urination that gradually worsened. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed cystic dilatations of slow growing VT. These patients showed marked improvement after cyst-subarachnoid shunt using a syringo-subarachnoid shunt tube. CONCLUSION: Symptomatic enlarging VT is an extremely rare cause of conus medullaris syndrome and the optimal treatment strategy remains unclear. Surgical management may thus be appropriate for patients with symptomatic enlarging VT.