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Phytochemical Content, Antibacterial Activity, and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Effects of Traditional Medicinal Plants against Respiratory Tract Bacterial Pathogens

Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are frequent ailments among humans and are a high burden on public health. This study aimed to determine the in vitro antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects of indigenous medicinal plants used in the treatment of RTIs, namely, Senna petersiana, Ga...

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Autores principales: Matotoka, Mashilo M., Mashabela, Gabriel T., Masoko, Peter
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10247327/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37293600
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1243438
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author Matotoka, Mashilo M.
Mashabela, Gabriel T.
Masoko, Peter
author_facet Matotoka, Mashilo M.
Mashabela, Gabriel T.
Masoko, Peter
author_sort Matotoka, Mashilo M.
collection PubMed
description Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are frequent ailments among humans and are a high burden on public health. This study aimed to determine the in vitro antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects of indigenous medicinal plants used in the treatment of RTIs, namely, Senna petersiana, Gardenia volkensii, Acacia senegal, and Clerodendrum glabrum. Dried leaves were extracted using various organic solvents. Antibacterial activity was quantified using the microbroth dilution assay. Protein denaturation assays were used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity. The cytotoxicity of the extracts towards THP-1 macrophages was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Antioxidant activity was determined using free radical scavenging activity and ferric-reducing power. Total polyphenolics were quantified. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry was used to evaluate the acetone plant extracts. Nonpolar extracts had noteworthy antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Mycobacterium smegmatis where MIC values ranged between 0.16 and 0.63 mg/mL. At 100 μg/mL, A. senegal, G. volkensii, and S. petersiana had a nonsignificant effect on the viability of the THP-1 macrophages. The LC-MS analysis of the leaf extracts of S. petersiana detected Columnidin, Hercynine, L-Lysine citrate, and Gamma-Linolenate. A pentacyclic triterpenoid, cochalate, was detected in G. volkensii. Two flavonoids 7-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-chroman-5-olate and (3R)-3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-4-oxo-chroman-5-olate were detected in the C. glabrum extract. The findings from this study indicated that the leaves of the selected plant extracts possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activity. Therefore, they may serve as good candidates for further pharmaceutical investigations.
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spelling pubmed-102473272023-06-08 Phytochemical Content, Antibacterial Activity, and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Effects of Traditional Medicinal Plants against Respiratory Tract Bacterial Pathogens Matotoka, Mashilo M. Mashabela, Gabriel T. Masoko, Peter Evid Based Complement Alternat Med Research Article Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are frequent ailments among humans and are a high burden on public health. This study aimed to determine the in vitro antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects of indigenous medicinal plants used in the treatment of RTIs, namely, Senna petersiana, Gardenia volkensii, Acacia senegal, and Clerodendrum glabrum. Dried leaves were extracted using various organic solvents. Antibacterial activity was quantified using the microbroth dilution assay. Protein denaturation assays were used to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity. The cytotoxicity of the extracts towards THP-1 macrophages was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Antioxidant activity was determined using free radical scavenging activity and ferric-reducing power. Total polyphenolics were quantified. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry was used to evaluate the acetone plant extracts. Nonpolar extracts had noteworthy antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Mycobacterium smegmatis where MIC values ranged between 0.16 and 0.63 mg/mL. At 100 μg/mL, A. senegal, G. volkensii, and S. petersiana had a nonsignificant effect on the viability of the THP-1 macrophages. The LC-MS analysis of the leaf extracts of S. petersiana detected Columnidin, Hercynine, L-Lysine citrate, and Gamma-Linolenate. A pentacyclic triterpenoid, cochalate, was detected in G. volkensii. Two flavonoids 7-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-chroman-5-olate and (3R)-3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-hydroxy-4-oxo-chroman-5-olate were detected in the C. glabrum extract. The findings from this study indicated that the leaves of the selected plant extracts possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activity. Therefore, they may serve as good candidates for further pharmaceutical investigations. Hindawi 2023-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10247327/ /pubmed/37293600 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1243438 Text en Copyright © 2023 Mashilo M. Matotoka et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Matotoka, Mashilo M.
Mashabela, Gabriel T.
Masoko, Peter
Phytochemical Content, Antibacterial Activity, and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Effects of Traditional Medicinal Plants against Respiratory Tract Bacterial Pathogens
title Phytochemical Content, Antibacterial Activity, and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Effects of Traditional Medicinal Plants against Respiratory Tract Bacterial Pathogens
title_full Phytochemical Content, Antibacterial Activity, and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Effects of Traditional Medicinal Plants against Respiratory Tract Bacterial Pathogens
title_fullStr Phytochemical Content, Antibacterial Activity, and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Effects of Traditional Medicinal Plants against Respiratory Tract Bacterial Pathogens
title_full_unstemmed Phytochemical Content, Antibacterial Activity, and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Effects of Traditional Medicinal Plants against Respiratory Tract Bacterial Pathogens
title_short Phytochemical Content, Antibacterial Activity, and Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Effects of Traditional Medicinal Plants against Respiratory Tract Bacterial Pathogens
title_sort phytochemical content, antibacterial activity, and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic effects of traditional medicinal plants against respiratory tract bacterial pathogens
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10247327/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37293600
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1243438
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