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Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea
BACKGROUND: Lignin played an important role in the establishment of coated fertilizers coating material as a substitute for petrochemical raw materials. However, so far, the lignin-based coated fertilizers was limited in only the poor slow-release performance. To achieve good slow-release performanc...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10249322/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37291654 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-023-02355-7 |
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author | Chen, Xiaojuan Yang, Huchen Zhang, Lidan Li, Zhongli Xue, Yunna Wang, Rongfeng Fan, Xiaolin Sun, Shaolong |
author_facet | Chen, Xiaojuan Yang, Huchen Zhang, Lidan Li, Zhongli Xue, Yunna Wang, Rongfeng Fan, Xiaolin Sun, Shaolong |
author_sort | Chen, Xiaojuan |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Lignin played an important role in the establishment of coated fertilizers coating material as a substitute for petrochemical raw materials. However, so far, the lignin-based coated fertilizers was limited in only the poor slow-release performance. To achieve good slow-release performance of lignin-based coated fertilizers, hydrophilic of lignin need to be resolved to establish an green and better controllable lignin-based coated fertilizers. RESULTS: In the study, a novel green double layer coating with lignin-based polyurethane (LPU) as the inner coating and epoxy resin (EP) as the outer coating was effectively constructed for coated urea. Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed that lignin and polycaprolactone diol successfully reacted with Hexamethylene diisocyanate. The loss weight and water contact angle (WCA, 75.6–63.6°) of the LPUs decreased with the increased lignin content. The average particle hardness of the lignin-based double-layer coated urea (LDCU) first increased from 58.1 N (lignin of 30%) to 67.0 N (lignin of 60%), but then decreased to 62.3 N (lignin of 70%). The release longevity of the coated urea was closely related to the preparation parameters of the coating material. The optimal cumulative nutrient release rate (79.4%) of LDCU was obtained (lignin of 50%, –CNO/–OH molar ratios of 1.15, EP of 35%, and coating ratio of 5%). The aggregates of hydrone on the LDCU caused the dissolution and swelling of nutrients, and then the diffusion of nutrients through the concentration gradient. CONCLUSIONS: A though the nutrient release of the LDCUs was affected by many factors, the successful development of the LDCUs will help improve the rapid development of the coated fertilizer industry. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10249322 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102493222023-06-09 Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea Chen, Xiaojuan Yang, Huchen Zhang, Lidan Li, Zhongli Xue, Yunna Wang, Rongfeng Fan, Xiaolin Sun, Shaolong Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod Research BACKGROUND: Lignin played an important role in the establishment of coated fertilizers coating material as a substitute for petrochemical raw materials. However, so far, the lignin-based coated fertilizers was limited in only the poor slow-release performance. To achieve good slow-release performance of lignin-based coated fertilizers, hydrophilic of lignin need to be resolved to establish an green and better controllable lignin-based coated fertilizers. RESULTS: In the study, a novel green double layer coating with lignin-based polyurethane (LPU) as the inner coating and epoxy resin (EP) as the outer coating was effectively constructed for coated urea. Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed that lignin and polycaprolactone diol successfully reacted with Hexamethylene diisocyanate. The loss weight and water contact angle (WCA, 75.6–63.6°) of the LPUs decreased with the increased lignin content. The average particle hardness of the lignin-based double-layer coated urea (LDCU) first increased from 58.1 N (lignin of 30%) to 67.0 N (lignin of 60%), but then decreased to 62.3 N (lignin of 70%). The release longevity of the coated urea was closely related to the preparation parameters of the coating material. The optimal cumulative nutrient release rate (79.4%) of LDCU was obtained (lignin of 50%, –CNO/–OH molar ratios of 1.15, EP of 35%, and coating ratio of 5%). The aggregates of hydrone on the LDCU caused the dissolution and swelling of nutrients, and then the diffusion of nutrients through the concentration gradient. CONCLUSIONS: A though the nutrient release of the LDCUs was affected by many factors, the successful development of the LDCUs will help improve the rapid development of the coated fertilizer industry. BioMed Central 2023-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10249322/ /pubmed/37291654 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-023-02355-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Chen, Xiaojuan Yang, Huchen Zhang, Lidan Li, Zhongli Xue, Yunna Wang, Rongfeng Fan, Xiaolin Sun, Shaolong Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea |
title | Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea |
title_full | Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea |
title_fullStr | Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea |
title_full_unstemmed | Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea |
title_short | Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea |
title_sort | green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10249322/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37291654 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-023-02355-7 |
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