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Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea

BACKGROUND: Lignin played an important role in the establishment of coated fertilizers coating material as a substitute for petrochemical raw materials. However, so far, the lignin-based coated fertilizers was limited in only the poor slow-release performance. To achieve good slow-release performanc...

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Autores principales: Chen, Xiaojuan, Yang, Huchen, Zhang, Lidan, Li, Zhongli, Xue, Yunna, Wang, Rongfeng, Fan, Xiaolin, Sun, Shaolong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10249322/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37291654
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-023-02355-7
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author Chen, Xiaojuan
Yang, Huchen
Zhang, Lidan
Li, Zhongli
Xue, Yunna
Wang, Rongfeng
Fan, Xiaolin
Sun, Shaolong
author_facet Chen, Xiaojuan
Yang, Huchen
Zhang, Lidan
Li, Zhongli
Xue, Yunna
Wang, Rongfeng
Fan, Xiaolin
Sun, Shaolong
author_sort Chen, Xiaojuan
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Lignin played an important role in the establishment of coated fertilizers coating material as a substitute for petrochemical raw materials. However, so far, the lignin-based coated fertilizers was limited in only the poor slow-release performance. To achieve good slow-release performance of lignin-based coated fertilizers, hydrophilic of lignin need to be resolved to establish an green and better controllable lignin-based coated fertilizers. RESULTS: In the study, a novel green double layer coating with lignin-based polyurethane (LPU) as the inner coating and epoxy resin (EP) as the outer coating was effectively constructed for coated urea. Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed that lignin and polycaprolactone diol successfully reacted with Hexamethylene diisocyanate. The loss weight and water contact angle (WCA, 75.6–63.6°) of the LPUs decreased with the increased lignin content. The average particle hardness of the lignin-based double-layer coated urea (LDCU) first increased from 58.1 N (lignin of 30%) to 67.0 N (lignin of 60%), but then decreased to 62.3 N (lignin of 70%). The release longevity of the coated urea was closely related to the preparation parameters of the coating material. The optimal cumulative nutrient release rate (79.4%) of LDCU was obtained (lignin of 50%, –CNO/–OH molar ratios of 1.15, EP of 35%, and coating ratio of 5%). The aggregates of hydrone on the LDCU caused the dissolution and swelling of nutrients, and then the diffusion of nutrients through the concentration gradient. CONCLUSIONS: A though the nutrient release of the LDCUs was affected by many factors, the successful development of the LDCUs will help improve the rapid development of the coated fertilizer industry.
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spelling pubmed-102493222023-06-09 Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea Chen, Xiaojuan Yang, Huchen Zhang, Lidan Li, Zhongli Xue, Yunna Wang, Rongfeng Fan, Xiaolin Sun, Shaolong Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod Research BACKGROUND: Lignin played an important role in the establishment of coated fertilizers coating material as a substitute for petrochemical raw materials. However, so far, the lignin-based coated fertilizers was limited in only the poor slow-release performance. To achieve good slow-release performance of lignin-based coated fertilizers, hydrophilic of lignin need to be resolved to establish an green and better controllable lignin-based coated fertilizers. RESULTS: In the study, a novel green double layer coating with lignin-based polyurethane (LPU) as the inner coating and epoxy resin (EP) as the outer coating was effectively constructed for coated urea. Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed that lignin and polycaprolactone diol successfully reacted with Hexamethylene diisocyanate. The loss weight and water contact angle (WCA, 75.6–63.6°) of the LPUs decreased with the increased lignin content. The average particle hardness of the lignin-based double-layer coated urea (LDCU) first increased from 58.1 N (lignin of 30%) to 67.0 N (lignin of 60%), but then decreased to 62.3 N (lignin of 70%). The release longevity of the coated urea was closely related to the preparation parameters of the coating material. The optimal cumulative nutrient release rate (79.4%) of LDCU was obtained (lignin of 50%, –CNO/–OH molar ratios of 1.15, EP of 35%, and coating ratio of 5%). The aggregates of hydrone on the LDCU caused the dissolution and swelling of nutrients, and then the diffusion of nutrients through the concentration gradient. CONCLUSIONS: A though the nutrient release of the LDCUs was affected by many factors, the successful development of the LDCUs will help improve the rapid development of the coated fertilizer industry. BioMed Central 2023-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10249322/ /pubmed/37291654 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-023-02355-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Chen, Xiaojuan
Yang, Huchen
Zhang, Lidan
Li, Zhongli
Xue, Yunna
Wang, Rongfeng
Fan, Xiaolin
Sun, Shaolong
Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea
title Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea
title_full Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea
title_fullStr Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea
title_full_unstemmed Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea
title_short Green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea
title_sort green construction and release mechanism of lignin-based double-layer coated urea
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10249322/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37291654
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13068-023-02355-7
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