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Methods of Primary Clinical Prevention of Dental Caries in the Adult Patient: An Integrative Review

Aim: Preventive approaches to oral health diseases, mainly dental caries, require individual and collective policies. Thus, this review was conducted to identify the primary prevention methods of dental caries in adults to improve oral health at the clinical and community levels. Methods: This revie...

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Autores principales: Veiga, Nélio, Figueiredo, Ricardo, Correia, Patrícia, Lopes, Pedro, Couto, Patrícia, Fernandes, Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252209/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37297776
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11111635
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author Veiga, Nélio
Figueiredo, Ricardo
Correia, Patrícia
Lopes, Pedro
Couto, Patrícia
Fernandes, Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira
author_facet Veiga, Nélio
Figueiredo, Ricardo
Correia, Patrícia
Lopes, Pedro
Couto, Patrícia
Fernandes, Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira
author_sort Veiga, Nélio
collection PubMed
description Aim: Preventive approaches to oral health diseases, mainly dental caries, require individual and collective policies. Thus, this review was conducted to identify the primary prevention methods of dental caries in adults to improve oral health at the clinical and community levels. Methods: This review followed the PICO strategy with the research question: “What are the methods of primary prevention of dental caries, in adults, for improving and maintaining oral health integrating clinical and community-based strategies?” Electronic screening was carried out by two independent reviewers in five databases (MedLine/PubMed, SciELO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and LILACS) to find relevant publications between 2015–2022. We applied eligibility criteria for selection of the articles. The following MeSH terms were used: “Primary Prevention”; “Adult”; “Oral Health”; “Dental Caries”; “Fluorides, Topical”; “Fluoride Varnishes”; “Pit and Fissure Sealants”; “Preventive Dentistry”. Although the term “Prevention strategy” is not a MeSH descriptor, several correlated terms appeared and were used in the search engines: “Preventative Care”, “Disease Prevention, Primary”, and “Prevention, Primary”. The tool provided by the JBI organization (Joanna Briggs Institute) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Results: Nine studies were included. Overall, it was found that the main primary prevention methods applied in dentistry in adults are the application of pit and fissure sealants, topical application of fluoride performed in the dental clinic, use of fluoridated toothpaste, mouthwash with chlorhexidine at home, use of xylitol, the recommendation for regular appointments with the dentist, and the need to inform patients about the saliva buffer capacity and adoption of a non-cariogenic diet. For that purpose, preventive policies should be taken to prevent dental caries. These include three major challenges: providing the adult population with more knowledge regarding their oral health, empowering patients through adopting healthy lifestyles, and developing new preventive strategies and awareness campaigns aimed at the adult population to promote proper oral health habits. Conclusions: A small number of studies were found whose participants were adult patients. There was some consistency regarding primary prevention methods in our studies. However, good quality randomized control studies are still required to define the best intervention strategies for adult caries prevention.
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spelling pubmed-102522092023-06-10 Methods of Primary Clinical Prevention of Dental Caries in the Adult Patient: An Integrative Review Veiga, Nélio Figueiredo, Ricardo Correia, Patrícia Lopes, Pedro Couto, Patrícia Fernandes, Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Healthcare (Basel) Review Aim: Preventive approaches to oral health diseases, mainly dental caries, require individual and collective policies. Thus, this review was conducted to identify the primary prevention methods of dental caries in adults to improve oral health at the clinical and community levels. Methods: This review followed the PICO strategy with the research question: “What are the methods of primary prevention of dental caries, in adults, for improving and maintaining oral health integrating clinical and community-based strategies?” Electronic screening was carried out by two independent reviewers in five databases (MedLine/PubMed, SciELO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and LILACS) to find relevant publications between 2015–2022. We applied eligibility criteria for selection of the articles. The following MeSH terms were used: “Primary Prevention”; “Adult”; “Oral Health”; “Dental Caries”; “Fluorides, Topical”; “Fluoride Varnishes”; “Pit and Fissure Sealants”; “Preventive Dentistry”. Although the term “Prevention strategy” is not a MeSH descriptor, several correlated terms appeared and were used in the search engines: “Preventative Care”, “Disease Prevention, Primary”, and “Prevention, Primary”. The tool provided by the JBI organization (Joanna Briggs Institute) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Results: Nine studies were included. Overall, it was found that the main primary prevention methods applied in dentistry in adults are the application of pit and fissure sealants, topical application of fluoride performed in the dental clinic, use of fluoridated toothpaste, mouthwash with chlorhexidine at home, use of xylitol, the recommendation for regular appointments with the dentist, and the need to inform patients about the saliva buffer capacity and adoption of a non-cariogenic diet. For that purpose, preventive policies should be taken to prevent dental caries. These include three major challenges: providing the adult population with more knowledge regarding their oral health, empowering patients through adopting healthy lifestyles, and developing new preventive strategies and awareness campaigns aimed at the adult population to promote proper oral health habits. Conclusions: A small number of studies were found whose participants were adult patients. There was some consistency regarding primary prevention methods in our studies. However, good quality randomized control studies are still required to define the best intervention strategies for adult caries prevention. MDPI 2023-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10252209/ /pubmed/37297776 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11111635 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Veiga, Nélio
Figueiredo, Ricardo
Correia, Patrícia
Lopes, Pedro
Couto, Patrícia
Fernandes, Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira
Methods of Primary Clinical Prevention of Dental Caries in the Adult Patient: An Integrative Review
title Methods of Primary Clinical Prevention of Dental Caries in the Adult Patient: An Integrative Review
title_full Methods of Primary Clinical Prevention of Dental Caries in the Adult Patient: An Integrative Review
title_fullStr Methods of Primary Clinical Prevention of Dental Caries in the Adult Patient: An Integrative Review
title_full_unstemmed Methods of Primary Clinical Prevention of Dental Caries in the Adult Patient: An Integrative Review
title_short Methods of Primary Clinical Prevention of Dental Caries in the Adult Patient: An Integrative Review
title_sort methods of primary clinical prevention of dental caries in the adult patient: an integrative review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252209/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37297776
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11111635
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