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Clinical, Histological, and Molecular Prognostic Factors in Childhood Medulloblastoma: Where Do We Stand?
Medulloblastomas, highly aggressive neoplasms of the central nervous system (CNS) that present significant heterogeneity in clinical presentation, disease course, and treatment outcomes, are common in childhood. Moreover, patients who survive may be diagnosed with subsequent malignancies during thei...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252343/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37296767 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13111915 |
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author | Ntenti, Charikleia Lallas, Konstantinos Papazisis, Georgios |
author_facet | Ntenti, Charikleia Lallas, Konstantinos Papazisis, Georgios |
author_sort | Ntenti, Charikleia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Medulloblastomas, highly aggressive neoplasms of the central nervous system (CNS) that present significant heterogeneity in clinical presentation, disease course, and treatment outcomes, are common in childhood. Moreover, patients who survive may be diagnosed with subsequent malignancies during their life or could develop treatment-related medical conditions. Genetic and transcriptomic studies have classified MBs into four subgroups: wingless type (WNT), Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), Group 3, and Group 4, with distinct histological and molecular profiles. However, recent molecular findings resulted in the WHO updating their guidelines and stratifying medulloblastomas into further molecular subgroups, changing the clinical stratification and treatment management. In this review, we discuss most of the histological, clinical, and molecular prognostic factors, as well the feasibility of their application, for better characterization, prognostication, and treatment of medulloblastomas. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10252343 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102523432023-06-10 Clinical, Histological, and Molecular Prognostic Factors in Childhood Medulloblastoma: Where Do We Stand? Ntenti, Charikleia Lallas, Konstantinos Papazisis, Georgios Diagnostics (Basel) Review Medulloblastomas, highly aggressive neoplasms of the central nervous system (CNS) that present significant heterogeneity in clinical presentation, disease course, and treatment outcomes, are common in childhood. Moreover, patients who survive may be diagnosed with subsequent malignancies during their life or could develop treatment-related medical conditions. Genetic and transcriptomic studies have classified MBs into four subgroups: wingless type (WNT), Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), Group 3, and Group 4, with distinct histological and molecular profiles. However, recent molecular findings resulted in the WHO updating their guidelines and stratifying medulloblastomas into further molecular subgroups, changing the clinical stratification and treatment management. In this review, we discuss most of the histological, clinical, and molecular prognostic factors, as well the feasibility of their application, for better characterization, prognostication, and treatment of medulloblastomas. MDPI 2023-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10252343/ /pubmed/37296767 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13111915 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Ntenti, Charikleia Lallas, Konstantinos Papazisis, Georgios Clinical, Histological, and Molecular Prognostic Factors in Childhood Medulloblastoma: Where Do We Stand? |
title | Clinical, Histological, and Molecular Prognostic Factors in Childhood Medulloblastoma: Where Do We Stand? |
title_full | Clinical, Histological, and Molecular Prognostic Factors in Childhood Medulloblastoma: Where Do We Stand? |
title_fullStr | Clinical, Histological, and Molecular Prognostic Factors in Childhood Medulloblastoma: Where Do We Stand? |
title_full_unstemmed | Clinical, Histological, and Molecular Prognostic Factors in Childhood Medulloblastoma: Where Do We Stand? |
title_short | Clinical, Histological, and Molecular Prognostic Factors in Childhood Medulloblastoma: Where Do We Stand? |
title_sort | clinical, histological, and molecular prognostic factors in childhood medulloblastoma: where do we stand? |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252343/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37296767 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13111915 |
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