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Association of the Bacteria of the Vermiform Appendix and the Peritoneal Cavity with Complicated Acute Appendicitis in Children

Background: Primary infection has been questioned as the pathogenetic cause of acute appendicitis. We attempted to identify the bacteria involved and to investigate if their species, types, or combinations affected the severity of acute appendicitis in children. Methods: Samples from both the append...

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Autores principales: Zachos, Konstantinos, Kolonitsiou, Fevronia, Panagidis, Antonios, Gkentzi, Despoina, Fouzas, Sotirios, Alexopoulos, Vasileios, Kostopoulou, Eirini, Roupakias, Stylianos, Vervenioti, Aggeliki, Dassios, Theodore, Georgiou, George, Sinopidis, Xenophon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252422/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37296691
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13111839
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author Zachos, Konstantinos
Kolonitsiou, Fevronia
Panagidis, Antonios
Gkentzi, Despoina
Fouzas, Sotirios
Alexopoulos, Vasileios
Kostopoulou, Eirini
Roupakias, Stylianos
Vervenioti, Aggeliki
Dassios, Theodore
Georgiou, George
Sinopidis, Xenophon
author_facet Zachos, Konstantinos
Kolonitsiou, Fevronia
Panagidis, Antonios
Gkentzi, Despoina
Fouzas, Sotirios
Alexopoulos, Vasileios
Kostopoulou, Eirini
Roupakias, Stylianos
Vervenioti, Aggeliki
Dassios, Theodore
Georgiou, George
Sinopidis, Xenophon
author_sort Zachos, Konstantinos
collection PubMed
description Background: Primary infection has been questioned as the pathogenetic cause of acute appendicitis. We attempted to identify the bacteria involved and to investigate if their species, types, or combinations affected the severity of acute appendicitis in children. Methods: Samples from both the appendiceal lumen and the peritoneal cavity of 72 children who underwent appendectomy were collected to perform bacterial culture analysis. The outcomes were studied to identify if and how they were associated with the severity of the disease. Regression analysis was performed to identify any risk factors associated with complicated appendicitis. Results: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus species were the most common pathogens found in the study population. The same microorganisms, either combined or separate, were the most common in the appendiceal lumen and the peritoneal cavity of patients with complicated appendicitis. Gram-negative bacteria and polymicrobial cultures in the peritoneal fluid and in the appendiceal lumen were associated with complicated appendicitis. Polymicrobial cultures in the peritoneal cavity presented a four times higher risk of complicated appendicitis. Conclusions: Polymicrobial presentation and Gram-negative bacteria are associated with complicated appendicitis. Antibiotic regimens should target the combinations of the most frequently identified pathogens, speculating the value of early antipseudomonal intervention.
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spelling pubmed-102524222023-06-10 Association of the Bacteria of the Vermiform Appendix and the Peritoneal Cavity with Complicated Acute Appendicitis in Children Zachos, Konstantinos Kolonitsiou, Fevronia Panagidis, Antonios Gkentzi, Despoina Fouzas, Sotirios Alexopoulos, Vasileios Kostopoulou, Eirini Roupakias, Stylianos Vervenioti, Aggeliki Dassios, Theodore Georgiou, George Sinopidis, Xenophon Diagnostics (Basel) Article Background: Primary infection has been questioned as the pathogenetic cause of acute appendicitis. We attempted to identify the bacteria involved and to investigate if their species, types, or combinations affected the severity of acute appendicitis in children. Methods: Samples from both the appendiceal lumen and the peritoneal cavity of 72 children who underwent appendectomy were collected to perform bacterial culture analysis. The outcomes were studied to identify if and how they were associated with the severity of the disease. Regression analysis was performed to identify any risk factors associated with complicated appendicitis. Results: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus species were the most common pathogens found in the study population. The same microorganisms, either combined or separate, were the most common in the appendiceal lumen and the peritoneal cavity of patients with complicated appendicitis. Gram-negative bacteria and polymicrobial cultures in the peritoneal fluid and in the appendiceal lumen were associated with complicated appendicitis. Polymicrobial cultures in the peritoneal cavity presented a four times higher risk of complicated appendicitis. Conclusions: Polymicrobial presentation and Gram-negative bacteria are associated with complicated appendicitis. Antibiotic regimens should target the combinations of the most frequently identified pathogens, speculating the value of early antipseudomonal intervention. MDPI 2023-05-24 /pmc/articles/PMC10252422/ /pubmed/37296691 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13111839 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Zachos, Konstantinos
Kolonitsiou, Fevronia
Panagidis, Antonios
Gkentzi, Despoina
Fouzas, Sotirios
Alexopoulos, Vasileios
Kostopoulou, Eirini
Roupakias, Stylianos
Vervenioti, Aggeliki
Dassios, Theodore
Georgiou, George
Sinopidis, Xenophon
Association of the Bacteria of the Vermiform Appendix and the Peritoneal Cavity with Complicated Acute Appendicitis in Children
title Association of the Bacteria of the Vermiform Appendix and the Peritoneal Cavity with Complicated Acute Appendicitis in Children
title_full Association of the Bacteria of the Vermiform Appendix and the Peritoneal Cavity with Complicated Acute Appendicitis in Children
title_fullStr Association of the Bacteria of the Vermiform Appendix and the Peritoneal Cavity with Complicated Acute Appendicitis in Children
title_full_unstemmed Association of the Bacteria of the Vermiform Appendix and the Peritoneal Cavity with Complicated Acute Appendicitis in Children
title_short Association of the Bacteria of the Vermiform Appendix and the Peritoneal Cavity with Complicated Acute Appendicitis in Children
title_sort association of the bacteria of the vermiform appendix and the peritoneal cavity with complicated acute appendicitis in children
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252422/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37296691
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13111839
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