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Autoptic Findings in Cases of Sudden Death Due to Kawasaki Disease

Kawasaki disease (KD) is the second-most-common childhood vasculitis, and its etiology is still unknown today. Even though the acute illness is usually self-limiting, sometimes, it can generate complications, such as coronary artery aneurysms (CAA), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure,...

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Autores principales: Visi, Giacomo, Spina, Federica, Del Duca, Fabio, Manetti, Alice Chiara, Maiese, Aniello, La Russa, Raffaele, Frati, Paola, Fineschi, Vittorio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252566/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37296682
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13111831
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author Visi, Giacomo
Spina, Federica
Del Duca, Fabio
Manetti, Alice Chiara
Maiese, Aniello
La Russa, Raffaele
Frati, Paola
Fineschi, Vittorio
author_facet Visi, Giacomo
Spina, Federica
Del Duca, Fabio
Manetti, Alice Chiara
Maiese, Aniello
La Russa, Raffaele
Frati, Paola
Fineschi, Vittorio
author_sort Visi, Giacomo
collection PubMed
description Kawasaki disease (KD) is the second-most-common childhood vasculitis, and its etiology is still unknown today. Even though the acute illness is usually self-limiting, sometimes, it can generate complications, such as coronary artery aneurysms (CAA), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure, or arrhythmias, and can rarely cause sudden or unexpected deaths. We present a review of the literature, which collects autoptic and histopathological data relating to many of the cases of these deaths. On the basis of the titles and abstracts, we selected 54 scientific publications for a total of 117 cases. Among them, as expected, the majority of the deaths were due to AMI (41.03%), arrhythmia (8.55%), acute coronary syndrome (8.55%), and CAA rupture (11.97%), involving mostly 20-year-olds or younger individuls (69.23%). This is not surprising since the CAs are the most involved arteries. Gross autoptic and histopathological findings are reported in the paper. Our work revealed that, when compared with the incidence of KD, only a few cases suffered from sudden death, underwent an autoptic examination, and were then described in the literature. We suggest that researchers should perform autopsies to gain a better understanding of the molecular pathways involved in KD so as to propose further innovative therapeutic protocols or implement more appropriate prevention schemes.
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spelling pubmed-102525662023-06-10 Autoptic Findings in Cases of Sudden Death Due to Kawasaki Disease Visi, Giacomo Spina, Federica Del Duca, Fabio Manetti, Alice Chiara Maiese, Aniello La Russa, Raffaele Frati, Paola Fineschi, Vittorio Diagnostics (Basel) Article Kawasaki disease (KD) is the second-most-common childhood vasculitis, and its etiology is still unknown today. Even though the acute illness is usually self-limiting, sometimes, it can generate complications, such as coronary artery aneurysms (CAA), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure, or arrhythmias, and can rarely cause sudden or unexpected deaths. We present a review of the literature, which collects autoptic and histopathological data relating to many of the cases of these deaths. On the basis of the titles and abstracts, we selected 54 scientific publications for a total of 117 cases. Among them, as expected, the majority of the deaths were due to AMI (41.03%), arrhythmia (8.55%), acute coronary syndrome (8.55%), and CAA rupture (11.97%), involving mostly 20-year-olds or younger individuls (69.23%). This is not surprising since the CAs are the most involved arteries. Gross autoptic and histopathological findings are reported in the paper. Our work revealed that, when compared with the incidence of KD, only a few cases suffered from sudden death, underwent an autoptic examination, and were then described in the literature. We suggest that researchers should perform autopsies to gain a better understanding of the molecular pathways involved in KD so as to propose further innovative therapeutic protocols or implement more appropriate prevention schemes. MDPI 2023-05-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10252566/ /pubmed/37296682 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13111831 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Visi, Giacomo
Spina, Federica
Del Duca, Fabio
Manetti, Alice Chiara
Maiese, Aniello
La Russa, Raffaele
Frati, Paola
Fineschi, Vittorio
Autoptic Findings in Cases of Sudden Death Due to Kawasaki Disease
title Autoptic Findings in Cases of Sudden Death Due to Kawasaki Disease
title_full Autoptic Findings in Cases of Sudden Death Due to Kawasaki Disease
title_fullStr Autoptic Findings in Cases of Sudden Death Due to Kawasaki Disease
title_full_unstemmed Autoptic Findings in Cases of Sudden Death Due to Kawasaki Disease
title_short Autoptic Findings in Cases of Sudden Death Due to Kawasaki Disease
title_sort autoptic findings in cases of sudden death due to kawasaki disease
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252566/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37296682
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13111831
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