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Happiness and Socio-Demographic Factors in an Italian Sample: A Propensity-Matched Study

Happiness is receiving more and more interest both as a determinant of health and a measure of outcome in biomedical and psychological sciences. The main objective of this study was to assess how the levels of happiness vary in a large sample of Italian adults and to identify the socio-demographic c...

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Autores principales: Rizzato, Matteo, Antonelli, Michele, Sam, Carlo, Di Dio, Cinzia, Lazzeroni, Davide, Donelli, Davide
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252822/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37297697
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11111557
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author Rizzato, Matteo
Antonelli, Michele
Sam, Carlo
Di Dio, Cinzia
Lazzeroni, Davide
Donelli, Davide
author_facet Rizzato, Matteo
Antonelli, Michele
Sam, Carlo
Di Dio, Cinzia
Lazzeroni, Davide
Donelli, Davide
author_sort Rizzato, Matteo
collection PubMed
description Happiness is receiving more and more interest both as a determinant of health and a measure of outcome in biomedical and psychological sciences. The main objective of this study was to assess how the levels of happiness vary in a large sample of Italian adults and to identify the socio-demographic conditions which impair happiness domains the most. The participants of this survey consisted of 1695 Italian adults (85.9% women; 14.1% men) who completed the Measure of Happiness (MH) questionnaire online. In this study, the differences between groups in total and single domain (life perspective, psychophysical status, socio-relational sphere, relational private sphere, and financial status) happiness levels were examined through a propensity score matching analysis with respect to socio-demographic conditions, including gender, age, annual income, relationship status, having children, and education level. The results show that low income has a negative impact on happiness levels, whereas being in a relationship has a positive effect. Having children appears to have a negative impact on male happiness. Males appear to be happier than females, especially with regard to the psychophysics status. This evidence emphasizes the urgency for Italian policymakers to take actions on removing obstacles to people’s happiness, especially with regard to financial distress, parenthood, and gender gaps.
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spelling pubmed-102528222023-06-10 Happiness and Socio-Demographic Factors in an Italian Sample: A Propensity-Matched Study Rizzato, Matteo Antonelli, Michele Sam, Carlo Di Dio, Cinzia Lazzeroni, Davide Donelli, Davide Healthcare (Basel) Article Happiness is receiving more and more interest both as a determinant of health and a measure of outcome in biomedical and psychological sciences. The main objective of this study was to assess how the levels of happiness vary in a large sample of Italian adults and to identify the socio-demographic conditions which impair happiness domains the most. The participants of this survey consisted of 1695 Italian adults (85.9% women; 14.1% men) who completed the Measure of Happiness (MH) questionnaire online. In this study, the differences between groups in total and single domain (life perspective, psychophysical status, socio-relational sphere, relational private sphere, and financial status) happiness levels were examined through a propensity score matching analysis with respect to socio-demographic conditions, including gender, age, annual income, relationship status, having children, and education level. The results show that low income has a negative impact on happiness levels, whereas being in a relationship has a positive effect. Having children appears to have a negative impact on male happiness. Males appear to be happier than females, especially with regard to the psychophysics status. This evidence emphasizes the urgency for Italian policymakers to take actions on removing obstacles to people’s happiness, especially with regard to financial distress, parenthood, and gender gaps. MDPI 2023-05-25 /pmc/articles/PMC10252822/ /pubmed/37297697 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11111557 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Rizzato, Matteo
Antonelli, Michele
Sam, Carlo
Di Dio, Cinzia
Lazzeroni, Davide
Donelli, Davide
Happiness and Socio-Demographic Factors in an Italian Sample: A Propensity-Matched Study
title Happiness and Socio-Demographic Factors in an Italian Sample: A Propensity-Matched Study
title_full Happiness and Socio-Demographic Factors in an Italian Sample: A Propensity-Matched Study
title_fullStr Happiness and Socio-Demographic Factors in an Italian Sample: A Propensity-Matched Study
title_full_unstemmed Happiness and Socio-Demographic Factors in an Italian Sample: A Propensity-Matched Study
title_short Happiness and Socio-Demographic Factors in an Italian Sample: A Propensity-Matched Study
title_sort happiness and socio-demographic factors in an italian sample: a propensity-matched study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10252822/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37297697
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11111557
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