Development of a Flavor Fingerprint Using HS-GC-IMS for Volatile Compounds from Steamed Potatoes of Different Varieties

The variations in flavor substances across different varieties of steamed potatoes were determined by headspace-gas chromatography ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) combined with sensory evaluation. Results showed that 63 representative compounds, including 27 aldehydes, 14 alcohols, 12 ketones, 4 esters, 2 furans, 1 acid and others, together acted as contributors to the flavors in steamed potatoes. Analysis found that species and concentrations of aldehydes, alcohols and ketones in six varieties were the most abundant. In addition, esters, furans and acid were also responsible for flavor. PCA results showed that volatile compounds in Atlantic, Longshu No. 23, Longshu No. 7 and Longshu No. 14 were similar, while Russet Burbank and Longshu No. 16 had distinct characteristic volatiles, which was consistent with sensory evaluation. The combination of sensory evaluation and HS-GC-IMS provided useful knowledge for charactering volatile compounds of steamed potatoes from different varieties, and also demonstrated the promising application of HS-GC-IMS in the detection of potato flavor with various cooking methods.