Monkeypox in a Renal Transplant Recipient: is it a Hazard for Immunocompromised Patients?

There has been a recent outbreak of monkeypox in the United States, mostly among men who have sex with men (MSM). It seems to be a self-limiting disease but can be potentially serious in immunocompromised patients. Monkeypox infection is transmitted mainly through skin-to-skin contact and possibly seminal and vaginal fluids. Very few cases of monkeypox infection in immunocompromised patients have been published in the literature. We report a case of infection in a renal transplant recipient, and describe the clinical course and outcome. LEARNING POINTS: There has been a recent outbreak of monkeypox infection in the United States and more studies are needed to assess the disease course in different patient populations. Monkeypox infection seems to have a similar clinical course in renal transplant recipients as in the general population. There is a higher risk of transmission among renal transplant recipients in men who have sex with men.