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Targeting the Inflammatory Hallmarks of Obesity-Associated Osteoarthritis: Towards Nutraceutical-Oriented Preventive and Complementary Therapeutic Strategies Based on n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Obesity (Ob), which has dramatically increased in the last decade, is one of the main risk factors that contribute to the incidence and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Targeting the characteristics of obesity-associated osteoarthritis (ObOA) may offer new chances for precision medicine strategie...

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Autores principales: Gambari, Laura, Cellamare, Antonella, Grassi, Francesco, Grigolo, Brunella, Panciera, Alessandro, Ruffilli, Alberto, Faldini, Cesare, Desando, Giovanna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10253881/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37298291
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119340
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author Gambari, Laura
Cellamare, Antonella
Grassi, Francesco
Grigolo, Brunella
Panciera, Alessandro
Ruffilli, Alberto
Faldini, Cesare
Desando, Giovanna
author_facet Gambari, Laura
Cellamare, Antonella
Grassi, Francesco
Grigolo, Brunella
Panciera, Alessandro
Ruffilli, Alberto
Faldini, Cesare
Desando, Giovanna
author_sort Gambari, Laura
collection PubMed
description Obesity (Ob), which has dramatically increased in the last decade, is one of the main risk factors that contribute to the incidence and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Targeting the characteristics of obesity-associated osteoarthritis (ObOA) may offer new chances for precision medicine strategies in this patient cohort. First, this review outlines how the medical perspective of ObOA has shifted from a focus on biomechanics to the significant contribution of inflammation, mainly mediated by changes in the adipose tissue metabolism through the release of adipokines and the modification of fatty acid (FA) compositions in joint tissues. Preclinical and clinical studies on n-3 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) are critically reviewed to outline the strengths and weaknesses of n-3 PUFAs’ role in alleviating inflammatory, catabolic and painful processes. Emphasis is placed on potential preventive and therapeutic nutritional strategies based on n-3 PUFAs, with a focus on ObOA patients who could specifically benefit from reformulating the dietary composition of FAs towards a protective phenotype. Finally, tissue engineering approaches that involve the delivery of n-3 PUFAs directly into the joint are explored to address the perspectives and current limitations, such as safety and stability issues, for implementing preventive and therapeutic strategies based on dietary compounds in ObOA patients.
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spelling pubmed-102538812023-06-10 Targeting the Inflammatory Hallmarks of Obesity-Associated Osteoarthritis: Towards Nutraceutical-Oriented Preventive and Complementary Therapeutic Strategies Based on n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Gambari, Laura Cellamare, Antonella Grassi, Francesco Grigolo, Brunella Panciera, Alessandro Ruffilli, Alberto Faldini, Cesare Desando, Giovanna Int J Mol Sci Review Obesity (Ob), which has dramatically increased in the last decade, is one of the main risk factors that contribute to the incidence and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Targeting the characteristics of obesity-associated osteoarthritis (ObOA) may offer new chances for precision medicine strategies in this patient cohort. First, this review outlines how the medical perspective of ObOA has shifted from a focus on biomechanics to the significant contribution of inflammation, mainly mediated by changes in the adipose tissue metabolism through the release of adipokines and the modification of fatty acid (FA) compositions in joint tissues. Preclinical and clinical studies on n-3 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) are critically reviewed to outline the strengths and weaknesses of n-3 PUFAs’ role in alleviating inflammatory, catabolic and painful processes. Emphasis is placed on potential preventive and therapeutic nutritional strategies based on n-3 PUFAs, with a focus on ObOA patients who could specifically benefit from reformulating the dietary composition of FAs towards a protective phenotype. Finally, tissue engineering approaches that involve the delivery of n-3 PUFAs directly into the joint are explored to address the perspectives and current limitations, such as safety and stability issues, for implementing preventive and therapeutic strategies based on dietary compounds in ObOA patients. MDPI 2023-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10253881/ /pubmed/37298291 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119340 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Gambari, Laura
Cellamare, Antonella
Grassi, Francesco
Grigolo, Brunella
Panciera, Alessandro
Ruffilli, Alberto
Faldini, Cesare
Desando, Giovanna
Targeting the Inflammatory Hallmarks of Obesity-Associated Osteoarthritis: Towards Nutraceutical-Oriented Preventive and Complementary Therapeutic Strategies Based on n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
title Targeting the Inflammatory Hallmarks of Obesity-Associated Osteoarthritis: Towards Nutraceutical-Oriented Preventive and Complementary Therapeutic Strategies Based on n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
title_full Targeting the Inflammatory Hallmarks of Obesity-Associated Osteoarthritis: Towards Nutraceutical-Oriented Preventive and Complementary Therapeutic Strategies Based on n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
title_fullStr Targeting the Inflammatory Hallmarks of Obesity-Associated Osteoarthritis: Towards Nutraceutical-Oriented Preventive and Complementary Therapeutic Strategies Based on n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
title_full_unstemmed Targeting the Inflammatory Hallmarks of Obesity-Associated Osteoarthritis: Towards Nutraceutical-Oriented Preventive and Complementary Therapeutic Strategies Based on n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
title_short Targeting the Inflammatory Hallmarks of Obesity-Associated Osteoarthritis: Towards Nutraceutical-Oriented Preventive and Complementary Therapeutic Strategies Based on n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
title_sort targeting the inflammatory hallmarks of obesity-associated osteoarthritis: towards nutraceutical-oriented preventive and complementary therapeutic strategies based on n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10253881/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37298291
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119340
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