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Efficiency of the Enzymatic Conversion of Flavone Glycosides Isolated from Carrot Leaves and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Enzyme-Treated Carrot Leaves
In traditional oriental medicine, carrots (Daucus carota L.) are considered effective medicinal herbs; however, the use of D. carota leaves (DCL) as therapeutic agents has not been explored in depth. Therefore, we aimed to demonstrate the value of DCL, generally treated as waste while developing pla...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10254351/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37298768 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28114291 |
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author | Hwang, Joo Tae Kim, Hye Jin Ryuk, Jin Ah Jung, Dong Ho Ko, Byoung Seob |
author_facet | Hwang, Joo Tae Kim, Hye Jin Ryuk, Jin Ah Jung, Dong Ho Ko, Byoung Seob |
author_sort | Hwang, Joo Tae |
collection | PubMed |
description | In traditional oriental medicine, carrots (Daucus carota L.) are considered effective medicinal herbs; however, the use of D. carota leaves (DCL) as therapeutic agents has not been explored in depth. Therefore, we aimed to demonstrate the value of DCL, generally treated as waste while developing plants for wide industrial availability. Six flavone glycosides were isolated and identified from DCL, and their constituents were identified and quantitated using an NMR and HPLC/UV method, which was optimized and validated. The structure of chrysoeriol-7-rutinoside from DCL was elucidated for the first time. The method exhibited adequate relative standard deviation (<1.89%) and recovery (94.89–105.97%). The deglycosylation of DCL flavone glycosides by Viscozyme L and Pectinex was assessed. Upon converting the reaction contents to percentages, the luteolin, apigenin, and chrysoeriol groups showed values of 85.8, 33.1, and 88.7%, respectively. The enzyme-treated DCL had a higher inhibitory effect on TNF-α and IL-2 expression than that of the carrot roots or carrot leaves without enzyme treatments. These results highlight the importance of carrot leaves and could be used as baseline standardization data for commercial development. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10254351 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102543512023-06-10 Efficiency of the Enzymatic Conversion of Flavone Glycosides Isolated from Carrot Leaves and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Enzyme-Treated Carrot Leaves Hwang, Joo Tae Kim, Hye Jin Ryuk, Jin Ah Jung, Dong Ho Ko, Byoung Seob Molecules Article In traditional oriental medicine, carrots (Daucus carota L.) are considered effective medicinal herbs; however, the use of D. carota leaves (DCL) as therapeutic agents has not been explored in depth. Therefore, we aimed to demonstrate the value of DCL, generally treated as waste while developing plants for wide industrial availability. Six flavone glycosides were isolated and identified from DCL, and their constituents were identified and quantitated using an NMR and HPLC/UV method, which was optimized and validated. The structure of chrysoeriol-7-rutinoside from DCL was elucidated for the first time. The method exhibited adequate relative standard deviation (<1.89%) and recovery (94.89–105.97%). The deglycosylation of DCL flavone glycosides by Viscozyme L and Pectinex was assessed. Upon converting the reaction contents to percentages, the luteolin, apigenin, and chrysoeriol groups showed values of 85.8, 33.1, and 88.7%, respectively. The enzyme-treated DCL had a higher inhibitory effect on TNF-α and IL-2 expression than that of the carrot roots or carrot leaves without enzyme treatments. These results highlight the importance of carrot leaves and could be used as baseline standardization data for commercial development. MDPI 2023-05-24 /pmc/articles/PMC10254351/ /pubmed/37298768 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28114291 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hwang, Joo Tae Kim, Hye Jin Ryuk, Jin Ah Jung, Dong Ho Ko, Byoung Seob Efficiency of the Enzymatic Conversion of Flavone Glycosides Isolated from Carrot Leaves and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Enzyme-Treated Carrot Leaves |
title | Efficiency of the Enzymatic Conversion of Flavone Glycosides Isolated from Carrot Leaves and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Enzyme-Treated Carrot Leaves |
title_full | Efficiency of the Enzymatic Conversion of Flavone Glycosides Isolated from Carrot Leaves and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Enzyme-Treated Carrot Leaves |
title_fullStr | Efficiency of the Enzymatic Conversion of Flavone Glycosides Isolated from Carrot Leaves and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Enzyme-Treated Carrot Leaves |
title_full_unstemmed | Efficiency of the Enzymatic Conversion of Flavone Glycosides Isolated from Carrot Leaves and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Enzyme-Treated Carrot Leaves |
title_short | Efficiency of the Enzymatic Conversion of Flavone Glycosides Isolated from Carrot Leaves and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Enzyme-Treated Carrot Leaves |
title_sort | efficiency of the enzymatic conversion of flavone glycosides isolated from carrot leaves and anti-inflammatory effects of enzyme-treated carrot leaves |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10254351/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37298768 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28114291 |
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