Cargando…

Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Cellulose–Chitosan–Alginate Composite Hydrogel Bead Bio-Sorbent

The implementation of inorganic adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals from industrial effluents generates secondary waste. Therefore, scientists and environmentalists are looking for environmentally friendly adsorbents isolated from biobased materials for the efficient removal of heavy metals f...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Abdul Rahman, Aida Syafiqah, Fizal, Ahmad Noor Syimir, Khalil, Nor Afifah, Ahmad Yahaya, Ahmad Naim, Hossain, Md. Sohrab, Zulkifli, Muzafar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10255174/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37299293
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15112494
_version_ 1785056807623852032
author Abdul Rahman, Aida Syafiqah
Fizal, Ahmad Noor Syimir
Khalil, Nor Afifah
Ahmad Yahaya, Ahmad Naim
Hossain, Md. Sohrab
Zulkifli, Muzafar
author_facet Abdul Rahman, Aida Syafiqah
Fizal, Ahmad Noor Syimir
Khalil, Nor Afifah
Ahmad Yahaya, Ahmad Naim
Hossain, Md. Sohrab
Zulkifli, Muzafar
author_sort Abdul Rahman, Aida Syafiqah
collection PubMed
description The implementation of inorganic adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals from industrial effluents generates secondary waste. Therefore, scientists and environmentalists are looking for environmentally friendly adsorbents isolated from biobased materials for the efficient removal of heavy metals from industrial effluents. This study aimed to fabricate and characterize an environmentally friendly composite bio-sorbent as an initiative toward greener environmental remediation technology. The properties of cellulose, chitosan, magnetite, and alginate were exploited to fabricate a composite hydrogel bead. The cross linking and encapsulation of cellulose, chitosan, alginate, and magnetite in hydrogel beads were successfully conducted through a facile method without any chemicals used during the synthesis. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis verified the presence of element signals of N, Ca, and Fe on the surface of the composite bio-sorbents. The appearance and peak’s shifting at 3330–3060 cm(−1) in the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of the composite cellulose–magnetite–alginate, chitosan–magnetite–alginate, and cellulose–chitosan–magnetite–alginate suggested that there are overlaps of O-H and N-H and weak interaction of hydrogen bonding with the Fe(3)O(4) particles. Material degradation, % mass loss, and thermal stability of the material and synthesized composite hydrogel beads were determined through thermogravimetric analysis. The onset temperature of the composite cellulose–magnetite–alginate, chitosan–magnetite–alginate, and cellulose–chitosan–magnetite–alginate hydrogel beads were observed to be lower compared to raw-material cellulose and chitosan, which could be due to the formation of weak hydrogen bonding resulting from the addition of magnetite Fe(3)O(4). The higher mass residual of cellulose–magnetite–alginate (33.46%), chitosan–magnetite–alginate (37.09%), and cellulose–chitosan–magnetite–alginate (34.40%) compared to cellulose (10.94%) and chitosan (30.82%) after degradation at a temperature of 700 °C shows that the synthesized composite hydrogel beads possess better thermal stability, owing to the addition of magnetite and the encapsulation in the alginate hydrogel beads.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10255174
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-102551742023-06-10 Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Cellulose–Chitosan–Alginate Composite Hydrogel Bead Bio-Sorbent Abdul Rahman, Aida Syafiqah Fizal, Ahmad Noor Syimir Khalil, Nor Afifah Ahmad Yahaya, Ahmad Naim Hossain, Md. Sohrab Zulkifli, Muzafar Polymers (Basel) Article The implementation of inorganic adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals from industrial effluents generates secondary waste. Therefore, scientists and environmentalists are looking for environmentally friendly adsorbents isolated from biobased materials for the efficient removal of heavy metals from industrial effluents. This study aimed to fabricate and characterize an environmentally friendly composite bio-sorbent as an initiative toward greener environmental remediation technology. The properties of cellulose, chitosan, magnetite, and alginate were exploited to fabricate a composite hydrogel bead. The cross linking and encapsulation of cellulose, chitosan, alginate, and magnetite in hydrogel beads were successfully conducted through a facile method without any chemicals used during the synthesis. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis verified the presence of element signals of N, Ca, and Fe on the surface of the composite bio-sorbents. The appearance and peak’s shifting at 3330–3060 cm(−1) in the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of the composite cellulose–magnetite–alginate, chitosan–magnetite–alginate, and cellulose–chitosan–magnetite–alginate suggested that there are overlaps of O-H and N-H and weak interaction of hydrogen bonding with the Fe(3)O(4) particles. Material degradation, % mass loss, and thermal stability of the material and synthesized composite hydrogel beads were determined through thermogravimetric analysis. The onset temperature of the composite cellulose–magnetite–alginate, chitosan–magnetite–alginate, and cellulose–chitosan–magnetite–alginate hydrogel beads were observed to be lower compared to raw-material cellulose and chitosan, which could be due to the formation of weak hydrogen bonding resulting from the addition of magnetite Fe(3)O(4). The higher mass residual of cellulose–magnetite–alginate (33.46%), chitosan–magnetite–alginate (37.09%), and cellulose–chitosan–magnetite–alginate (34.40%) compared to cellulose (10.94%) and chitosan (30.82%) after degradation at a temperature of 700 °C shows that the synthesized composite hydrogel beads possess better thermal stability, owing to the addition of magnetite and the encapsulation in the alginate hydrogel beads. MDPI 2023-05-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10255174/ /pubmed/37299293 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15112494 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Abdul Rahman, Aida Syafiqah
Fizal, Ahmad Noor Syimir
Khalil, Nor Afifah
Ahmad Yahaya, Ahmad Naim
Hossain, Md. Sohrab
Zulkifli, Muzafar
Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Cellulose–Chitosan–Alginate Composite Hydrogel Bead Bio-Sorbent
title Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Cellulose–Chitosan–Alginate Composite Hydrogel Bead Bio-Sorbent
title_full Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Cellulose–Chitosan–Alginate Composite Hydrogel Bead Bio-Sorbent
title_fullStr Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Cellulose–Chitosan–Alginate Composite Hydrogel Bead Bio-Sorbent
title_full_unstemmed Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Cellulose–Chitosan–Alginate Composite Hydrogel Bead Bio-Sorbent
title_short Fabrication and Characterization of Magnetic Cellulose–Chitosan–Alginate Composite Hydrogel Bead Bio-Sorbent
title_sort fabrication and characterization of magnetic cellulose–chitosan–alginate composite hydrogel bead bio-sorbent
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10255174/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37299293
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15112494
work_keys_str_mv AT abdulrahmanaidasyafiqah fabricationandcharacterizationofmagneticcellulosechitosanalginatecompositehydrogelbeadbiosorbent
AT fizalahmadnoorsyimir fabricationandcharacterizationofmagneticcellulosechitosanalginatecompositehydrogelbeadbiosorbent
AT khalilnorafifah fabricationandcharacterizationofmagneticcellulosechitosanalginatecompositehydrogelbeadbiosorbent
AT ahmadyahayaahmadnaim fabricationandcharacterizationofmagneticcellulosechitosanalginatecompositehydrogelbeadbiosorbent
AT hossainmdsohrab fabricationandcharacterizationofmagneticcellulosechitosanalginatecompositehydrogelbeadbiosorbent
AT zulkiflimuzafar fabricationandcharacterizationofmagneticcellulosechitosanalginatecompositehydrogelbeadbiosorbent