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Binary-Phase vs. Frequency Modulated Radar Measured Performances for Automotive Applications

Radars have been widely deployed in cars in recent years, for advanced driving assistance systems. The most popular and studied modulated waveform for automotive radar is the frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW), due to FMCW radar technology’s ease of implementation and low power consumption....

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Autores principales: Caffa, Mattia, Biletta, Francesco, Maggiora, Riccardo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10256049/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37299997
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23115271
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author Caffa, Mattia
Biletta, Francesco
Maggiora, Riccardo
author_facet Caffa, Mattia
Biletta, Francesco
Maggiora, Riccardo
author_sort Caffa, Mattia
collection PubMed
description Radars have been widely deployed in cars in recent years, for advanced driving assistance systems. The most popular and studied modulated waveform for automotive radar is the frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW), due to FMCW radar technology’s ease of implementation and low power consumption. However, FMCW radars have several limitations, such as low interference resilience, range-Doppler coupling, limited maximum velocity with time-division multiplexing (TDM), and high-range sidelobes that reduce high-contrast resolution (HCR). These issues can be tackled by adopting other modulated waveforms. The most interesting modulated waveform for automotive radar, which has been the focus of research in recent years, is the phase-modulated continuous wave (PMCW): this modulated waveform has a better HCR, allows large maximum velocity, permits interference mitigation, thanks to codes orthogonality, and eases integration of communication and sensing. Despite the growing interest in PMCW technology, and while simulations have been extensively performed to analyze and compare its performance to FMCW, there are still only limited real-world measured data available for automotive applications. In this paper, the realization of a 1 Tx/1 Rx binary PMCW radar, assembled with connectorized modules and an FPGA, is presented. Its captured data were compared to the captured data of an off-the-shelf system-on-chip (SoC) FMCW radar. The radar processing firmware of both radars were fully developed and optimized for the tests. The measured performances in real-world conditions showed that PMCW radars manifest better behavior than FMCW radars, regarding the above-mentioned issues. Our analysis demonstrates that PMCW radars can be successfully adopted by future automotive radars.
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spelling pubmed-102560492023-06-10 Binary-Phase vs. Frequency Modulated Radar Measured Performances for Automotive Applications Caffa, Mattia Biletta, Francesco Maggiora, Riccardo Sensors (Basel) Article Radars have been widely deployed in cars in recent years, for advanced driving assistance systems. The most popular and studied modulated waveform for automotive radar is the frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW), due to FMCW radar technology’s ease of implementation and low power consumption. However, FMCW radars have several limitations, such as low interference resilience, range-Doppler coupling, limited maximum velocity with time-division multiplexing (TDM), and high-range sidelobes that reduce high-contrast resolution (HCR). These issues can be tackled by adopting other modulated waveforms. The most interesting modulated waveform for automotive radar, which has been the focus of research in recent years, is the phase-modulated continuous wave (PMCW): this modulated waveform has a better HCR, allows large maximum velocity, permits interference mitigation, thanks to codes orthogonality, and eases integration of communication and sensing. Despite the growing interest in PMCW technology, and while simulations have been extensively performed to analyze and compare its performance to FMCW, there are still only limited real-world measured data available for automotive applications. In this paper, the realization of a 1 Tx/1 Rx binary PMCW radar, assembled with connectorized modules and an FPGA, is presented. Its captured data were compared to the captured data of an off-the-shelf system-on-chip (SoC) FMCW radar. The radar processing firmware of both radars were fully developed and optimized for the tests. The measured performances in real-world conditions showed that PMCW radars manifest better behavior than FMCW radars, regarding the above-mentioned issues. Our analysis demonstrates that PMCW radars can be successfully adopted by future automotive radars. MDPI 2023-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC10256049/ /pubmed/37299997 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23115271 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Caffa, Mattia
Biletta, Francesco
Maggiora, Riccardo
Binary-Phase vs. Frequency Modulated Radar Measured Performances for Automotive Applications
title Binary-Phase vs. Frequency Modulated Radar Measured Performances for Automotive Applications
title_full Binary-Phase vs. Frequency Modulated Radar Measured Performances for Automotive Applications
title_fullStr Binary-Phase vs. Frequency Modulated Radar Measured Performances for Automotive Applications
title_full_unstemmed Binary-Phase vs. Frequency Modulated Radar Measured Performances for Automotive Applications
title_short Binary-Phase vs. Frequency Modulated Radar Measured Performances for Automotive Applications
title_sort binary-phase vs. frequency modulated radar measured performances for automotive applications
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10256049/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37299997
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23115271
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