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Comparative in vivo toxicokinetics of silver powder, nanosilver and soluble silver compounds after oral administration to rats
Silver (Ag; massive, powder and nanoform) and Ag compounds are used in industrial, medical and consumer applications, with potential for human exposure. Uncertainties exist about their comparative mammalian toxicokinetic (‘TK’) profiles, including their relative oral route bioavailability, especiall...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10256634/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37195448 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-023-03511-6 |
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author | Mertens, Jelle Alami, Anissa Arijs, Katrien |
author_facet | Mertens, Jelle Alami, Anissa Arijs, Katrien |
author_sort | Mertens, Jelle |
collection | PubMed |
description | Silver (Ag; massive, powder and nanoform) and Ag compounds are used in industrial, medical and consumer applications, with potential for human exposure. Uncertainties exist about their comparative mammalian toxicokinetic (‘TK’) profiles, including their relative oral route bioavailability, especially for Ag massive and powder forms. This knowledge gap impedes concluding on the grouping of Ag and Ag compounds for hazard assessment purposes. Therefore, an in vivo TK study was performed in a rat model. Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed via oral gavage for up to 28 days to silver acetate (AgAc; 5, 55, 175 mg/kg(bw)/d), silver nitrate (AgNO(3); 5, 55, 125 mg/kg(bw)/d), nanosilver (AgNP; 15 nm diameter; 3.6, 36, 360 mg/kg(bw)/d) or silver powder (AgMP; 0.35 µm diameter; 36, 180, 1000 mg/kg(bw)/d). Total Ag concentrations were determined in blood and tissues to provide data on comparative systemic exposure to Ag and differentials in achieved tissue Ag levels. AgAc and AgNO(3) were the most bioavailable forms with comparable and linear TK profiles (achieved systemic exposures and tissue concentrations). AgMP administration led to systemic exposures of about an order of magnitude less, with tissue Ag concentrations 2–3 orders of magnitude lower and demonstrating non-linear kinetics. The apparent oral bioavailability of AgNP was intermediate between AgAc/AgNO(3) and AgMP. For all test items, highest tissue Ag concentrations were in the gastrointestinal tract and reticuloendothelial organs, whereas brain and testis were minor sites of distribution. It was concluded that the oral bioavailability of AgMP was very limited. These findings provide hazard assessment context for various Ag test items and support the prediction that Ag in massive and powder forms exhibit low toxicity potential. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00204-023-03511-6. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10256634 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102566342023-06-11 Comparative in vivo toxicokinetics of silver powder, nanosilver and soluble silver compounds after oral administration to rats Mertens, Jelle Alami, Anissa Arijs, Katrien Arch Toxicol Inorganic Compounds Silver (Ag; massive, powder and nanoform) and Ag compounds are used in industrial, medical and consumer applications, with potential for human exposure. Uncertainties exist about their comparative mammalian toxicokinetic (‘TK’) profiles, including their relative oral route bioavailability, especially for Ag massive and powder forms. This knowledge gap impedes concluding on the grouping of Ag and Ag compounds for hazard assessment purposes. Therefore, an in vivo TK study was performed in a rat model. Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed via oral gavage for up to 28 days to silver acetate (AgAc; 5, 55, 175 mg/kg(bw)/d), silver nitrate (AgNO(3); 5, 55, 125 mg/kg(bw)/d), nanosilver (AgNP; 15 nm diameter; 3.6, 36, 360 mg/kg(bw)/d) or silver powder (AgMP; 0.35 µm diameter; 36, 180, 1000 mg/kg(bw)/d). Total Ag concentrations were determined in blood and tissues to provide data on comparative systemic exposure to Ag and differentials in achieved tissue Ag levels. AgAc and AgNO(3) were the most bioavailable forms with comparable and linear TK profiles (achieved systemic exposures and tissue concentrations). AgMP administration led to systemic exposures of about an order of magnitude less, with tissue Ag concentrations 2–3 orders of magnitude lower and demonstrating non-linear kinetics. The apparent oral bioavailability of AgNP was intermediate between AgAc/AgNO(3) and AgMP. For all test items, highest tissue Ag concentrations were in the gastrointestinal tract and reticuloendothelial organs, whereas brain and testis were minor sites of distribution. It was concluded that the oral bioavailability of AgMP was very limited. These findings provide hazard assessment context for various Ag test items and support the prediction that Ag in massive and powder forms exhibit low toxicity potential. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00204-023-03511-6. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2023-05-17 2023 /pmc/articles/PMC10256634/ /pubmed/37195448 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-023-03511-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Inorganic Compounds Mertens, Jelle Alami, Anissa Arijs, Katrien Comparative in vivo toxicokinetics of silver powder, nanosilver and soluble silver compounds after oral administration to rats |
title | Comparative in vivo toxicokinetics of silver powder, nanosilver and soluble silver compounds after oral administration to rats |
title_full | Comparative in vivo toxicokinetics of silver powder, nanosilver and soluble silver compounds after oral administration to rats |
title_fullStr | Comparative in vivo toxicokinetics of silver powder, nanosilver and soluble silver compounds after oral administration to rats |
title_full_unstemmed | Comparative in vivo toxicokinetics of silver powder, nanosilver and soluble silver compounds after oral administration to rats |
title_short | Comparative in vivo toxicokinetics of silver powder, nanosilver and soluble silver compounds after oral administration to rats |
title_sort | comparative in vivo toxicokinetics of silver powder, nanosilver and soluble silver compounds after oral administration to rats |
topic | Inorganic Compounds |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10256634/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37195448 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00204-023-03511-6 |
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