Threshold magnetic field as a universal criterion for the selective transport of magnetized particles in microdroplets

Transportation of magnetized particles (MPs) against gravity is possible by applying a magnetic field to the particles. This transport phenomenon of MPs in microdroplets can be quantitatively assessed by determining the contribution of individual forces acting on the MPs. We studied the selective transportation of MPs in microdroplets. MPs in microdroplets were transported in the opposite direction to gravity when we applied an external magnetic field larger than a threshold value. We modulated the intensity of the external magnetic field and selectively manipulated the MPs. As a result, MPs were separated into different microdroplets based on their magnetic properties. Our quantitative investigation of transport dynamics shows that the threshold magnetic field depends only on the magnetic susceptibility and the density of MPs. This is a universal criterion for the selective transport of magnetized targets such as magnetized cells in microdroplets.