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Immunohistochemical evaluation of biomarkers with predictive role in acromegaly: a literature review

Acromegaly is a rare endocrine disorder, which despite the recent advances in diagnosis and management, remains a significant burden in terms of morbidity and mortality for patients because of the frequent aggressive evolution and lack of response to available first-line pharmacological therapy. A s...

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Autores principales: Cosma Gliga, Maximilian, Tătăranu, Ligia Gabriela, Popescu, Mihaela, Chinezu, Laura, Paşcanu, Maria Ionela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Academy of Medical Sciences, Romanian Academy Publishing House, Bucharest 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10257778/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37128788
http://dx.doi.org/10.47162/RJME.64.1.03
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author Cosma Gliga, Maximilian
Tătăranu, Ligia Gabriela
Popescu, Mihaela
Chinezu, Laura
Paşcanu, Maria Ionela
author_facet Cosma Gliga, Maximilian
Tătăranu, Ligia Gabriela
Popescu, Mihaela
Chinezu, Laura
Paşcanu, Maria Ionela
author_sort Cosma Gliga, Maximilian
collection PubMed
description Acromegaly is a rare endocrine disorder, which despite the recent advances in diagnosis and management, remains a significant burden in terms of morbidity and mortality for patients because of the frequent aggressive evolution and lack of response to available first-line pharmacological therapy. A switch from the classical “trial and error” management to a personalized therapy approach has been proposed through early identification of biomarkers that could predict treatment response and biological behavior. Several such molecular markers have been extensively studied through immunohistochemistry (IHC), among them the somatostatin receptors type 2 (SSTR-2) and type 5 (SSTR-5), which are known to correlate with response to somatostatin analogues treatment, the SSTR-2 negative tumors usually being resistant to first-generation analogues, while SSTR-5 potentially being a predictive marker for the novel agent, Pasireotide. Based on cytokeratin (CK) immunostaining pattern, somatotropinomas have been classified into densely granulated adenomas (DGAs), which present a milder evolution and favorable outcomes after therapy, and sparsely granulated adenomas (SGAs), known to be more aggressive and frequently resistant to first-line treatment options. Other novel markers, such as the E-cadherin cell-adhesion protein, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP), the cytoskeleton molecule filamin A (FLNA) and the Ki-67 nuclear antigen have also been the highlight of IHC studies on growth hormone (GH)-producing tumors, with promising results regarding their predictive roles for the outcome of acromegalic patients. In this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the role of IHC for acromegaly, highlighting the most important biomarkers that could offer valuable information for predicting treatment response, biological behavior, and prognosis.
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spelling pubmed-102577782023-06-12 Immunohistochemical evaluation of biomarkers with predictive role in acromegaly: a literature review Cosma Gliga, Maximilian Tătăranu, Ligia Gabriela Popescu, Mihaela Chinezu, Laura Paşcanu, Maria Ionela Rom J Morphol Embryol Review Acromegaly is a rare endocrine disorder, which despite the recent advances in diagnosis and management, remains a significant burden in terms of morbidity and mortality for patients because of the frequent aggressive evolution and lack of response to available first-line pharmacological therapy. A switch from the classical “trial and error” management to a personalized therapy approach has been proposed through early identification of biomarkers that could predict treatment response and biological behavior. Several such molecular markers have been extensively studied through immunohistochemistry (IHC), among them the somatostatin receptors type 2 (SSTR-2) and type 5 (SSTR-5), which are known to correlate with response to somatostatin analogues treatment, the SSTR-2 negative tumors usually being resistant to first-generation analogues, while SSTR-5 potentially being a predictive marker for the novel agent, Pasireotide. Based on cytokeratin (CK) immunostaining pattern, somatotropinomas have been classified into densely granulated adenomas (DGAs), which present a milder evolution and favorable outcomes after therapy, and sparsely granulated adenomas (SGAs), known to be more aggressive and frequently resistant to first-line treatment options. Other novel markers, such as the E-cadherin cell-adhesion protein, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP), the cytoskeleton molecule filamin A (FLNA) and the Ki-67 nuclear antigen have also been the highlight of IHC studies on growth hormone (GH)-producing tumors, with promising results regarding their predictive roles for the outcome of acromegalic patients. In this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge on the role of IHC for acromegaly, highlighting the most important biomarkers that could offer valuable information for predicting treatment response, biological behavior, and prognosis. Academy of Medical Sciences, Romanian Academy Publishing House, Bucharest 2023 2023-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10257778/ /pubmed/37128788 http://dx.doi.org/10.47162/RJME.64.1.03 Text en Copyright © 2023, Academy of Medical Sciences, Romanian Academy Publishing House, Bucharest https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License, which permits unrestricted use, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium, non-commercially, provided the new creations are licensed under identical terms as the original work and the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Cosma Gliga, Maximilian
Tătăranu, Ligia Gabriela
Popescu, Mihaela
Chinezu, Laura
Paşcanu, Maria Ionela
Immunohistochemical evaluation of biomarkers with predictive role in acromegaly: a literature review
title Immunohistochemical evaluation of biomarkers with predictive role in acromegaly: a literature review
title_full Immunohistochemical evaluation of biomarkers with predictive role in acromegaly: a literature review
title_fullStr Immunohistochemical evaluation of biomarkers with predictive role in acromegaly: a literature review
title_full_unstemmed Immunohistochemical evaluation of biomarkers with predictive role in acromegaly: a literature review
title_short Immunohistochemical evaluation of biomarkers with predictive role in acromegaly: a literature review
title_sort immunohistochemical evaluation of biomarkers with predictive role in acromegaly: a literature review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10257778/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37128788
http://dx.doi.org/10.47162/RJME.64.1.03
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