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The Role of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in Gender-Specific Risk Factors for Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background Urinary incontinence is the loss of bladder control and is a common condition found more often in women. Incontinence can present in several ways. The various forms of incontinence include urgency urinary incontinence, stress urinary incontinence, and mixed urinary incontinence (a combina...

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Autores principales: Ganz, Marc, Alessandro, Christopher, Jacobs, Menachem, Miller, Daniel, Diah, Jonathan, Winer, Andrew, Shields, John M, Weiss, Jeffrey
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cureus 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10257796/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37309351
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.38917
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author Ganz, Marc
Alessandro, Christopher
Jacobs, Menachem
Miller, Daniel
Diah, Jonathan
Winer, Andrew
Shields, John M
Weiss, Jeffrey
author_facet Ganz, Marc
Alessandro, Christopher
Jacobs, Menachem
Miller, Daniel
Diah, Jonathan
Winer, Andrew
Shields, John M
Weiss, Jeffrey
author_sort Ganz, Marc
collection PubMed
description Background Urinary incontinence is the loss of bladder control and is a common condition found more often in women. Incontinence can present in several ways. The various forms of incontinence include urgency urinary incontinence, stress urinary incontinence, and mixed urinary incontinence (a combination of both stress urinary incontinence and urgency urinary incontinence). Studies have been conflicting on the prevalence of UI in obese women compared to non-obese women. The subtypes of incontinence may play a role in the discrepancy currently found in research. In addition to the discrepancy seen between subtypes, there may be a reason to believe there is a difference in incontinence presentation and treatment across genders. Our research strives to understand the influences of gender, obesity, and waist circumference on different types of incontinence. Methodology Data were gathered from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset. Questionnaire data from March 2017 through March 2020 categorized as “Kidney Conditions - Urology” and “Weight History” were collected. Binary logistic regressions were performed to examine the association between variables associated with obesity including body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference and if the participant had a urine leak during physical activities. Covariates such as waist circumference, gender, age, race, educational level, and marital status were controlled for. Results We found that stress incontinence was positively associated with BMI, waist circumference, and age in men with regression coefficients of 0.038, 0.014, and 0.027, respectively, with a p-value <0.05. In women, stress incontinence was also associated with BMI, waist circumference, and age in addition to being white and being married. Linear regression coefficients were 0.036, 0.019, 0.015, -0.473, and -0.285, respectively, with p-values <0.05. Conclusions Our results suggest that BMI, waist circumference, and age are positively correlated with stress incontinence in both men and women. This is consistent with previous literature yet novel in evaluating stress incontinence in men. This would indicate that stress incontinence is similar among men and women which would indicate that weight loss is a therapeutic target for the treatment of stress incontinence in men. However, our findings additionally highlight the correlation between stress incontinence in women and race, a relationship not seen in men. This identifies a possible difference in the pathophysiology of stress incontinence across genders and would require further investigation into therapeutic treatments in men.
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spelling pubmed-102577962023-06-12 The Role of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in Gender-Specific Risk Factors for Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Cross-Sectional Study Ganz, Marc Alessandro, Christopher Jacobs, Menachem Miller, Daniel Diah, Jonathan Winer, Andrew Shields, John M Weiss, Jeffrey Cureus Family/General Practice Background Urinary incontinence is the loss of bladder control and is a common condition found more often in women. Incontinence can present in several ways. The various forms of incontinence include urgency urinary incontinence, stress urinary incontinence, and mixed urinary incontinence (a combination of both stress urinary incontinence and urgency urinary incontinence). Studies have been conflicting on the prevalence of UI in obese women compared to non-obese women. The subtypes of incontinence may play a role in the discrepancy currently found in research. In addition to the discrepancy seen between subtypes, there may be a reason to believe there is a difference in incontinence presentation and treatment across genders. Our research strives to understand the influences of gender, obesity, and waist circumference on different types of incontinence. Methodology Data were gathered from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dataset. Questionnaire data from March 2017 through March 2020 categorized as “Kidney Conditions - Urology” and “Weight History” were collected. Binary logistic regressions were performed to examine the association between variables associated with obesity including body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference and if the participant had a urine leak during physical activities. Covariates such as waist circumference, gender, age, race, educational level, and marital status were controlled for. Results We found that stress incontinence was positively associated with BMI, waist circumference, and age in men with regression coefficients of 0.038, 0.014, and 0.027, respectively, with a p-value <0.05. In women, stress incontinence was also associated with BMI, waist circumference, and age in addition to being white and being married. Linear regression coefficients were 0.036, 0.019, 0.015, -0.473, and -0.285, respectively, with p-values <0.05. Conclusions Our results suggest that BMI, waist circumference, and age are positively correlated with stress incontinence in both men and women. This is consistent with previous literature yet novel in evaluating stress incontinence in men. This would indicate that stress incontinence is similar among men and women which would indicate that weight loss is a therapeutic target for the treatment of stress incontinence in men. However, our findings additionally highlight the correlation between stress incontinence in women and race, a relationship not seen in men. This identifies a possible difference in the pathophysiology of stress incontinence across genders and would require further investigation into therapeutic treatments in men. Cureus 2023-05-12 /pmc/articles/PMC10257796/ /pubmed/37309351 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.38917 Text en Copyright © 2023, Ganz et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Family/General Practice
Ganz, Marc
Alessandro, Christopher
Jacobs, Menachem
Miller, Daniel
Diah, Jonathan
Winer, Andrew
Shields, John M
Weiss, Jeffrey
The Role of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in Gender-Specific Risk Factors for Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Cross-Sectional Study
title The Role of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in Gender-Specific Risk Factors for Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full The Role of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in Gender-Specific Risk Factors for Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr The Role of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in Gender-Specific Risk Factors for Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in Gender-Specific Risk Factors for Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_short The Role of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference in Gender-Specific Risk Factors for Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort role of body mass index and waist circumference in gender-specific risk factors for stress urinary incontinence: a cross-sectional study
topic Family/General Practice
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10257796/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37309351
http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.38917
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