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Practical Implications of the Update to the 2015 Japan Standard Population: Mortality Archive From 1950 to 2020 in Japan

BACKGROUND: The 2015 Japan Standard Population (JSP) was established in response to changes in the age structure. However, the effects of major updates, especially the recategorization of older age groups, for interpreting various health metrics have not been clarified. METHODS: Population data were...

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Autores principales: Tanaka, Hirokazu, Tanaka, Sayo, Togawa, Kayo, Katanoda, Kota
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Japan Epidemiological Association 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10257988/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36775330
http://dx.doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20220302
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author Tanaka, Hirokazu
Tanaka, Sayo
Togawa, Kayo
Katanoda, Kota
author_facet Tanaka, Hirokazu
Tanaka, Sayo
Togawa, Kayo
Katanoda, Kota
author_sort Tanaka, Hirokazu
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The 2015 Japan Standard Population (JSP) was established in response to changes in the age structure. However, the effects of major updates, especially the recategorization of older age groups, for interpreting various health metrics have not been clarified. METHODS: Population data were collected and estimated for older age categories (85–89, 90–94, and ≥95 years). Data on the number of deaths were also collected from the Vital Statistics. We recalculated the all-cause and leading cause-specific age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) using the 2015 JSP by the direct standardization method for data from 1950 to 2020. We compared ASMRs calculated using the 2015 JSP with those calculated using the 1985 JSP. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the consistency of mortality trends between the 2015 and 1985 JSPs. RESULTS: The absolute all-cause ASMRs calculated using the 2015 JSP were 2.22–3.00 times higher than those calculated using the 1985 JSP. The ASMR ratios increased gradually over time. While trends in all-cause and cause-specific ASMRs calculated using the 2015 JSP and 1985 JSP were generally highly correlated (Pearson’s correlation coefficient [r] = 0.993 for all-cause), correlations were relatively low for malignant neoplasms (r = 0.720 for men and r = 0.581 for women) and pneumonia/bronchitis (r = 0.543 for men and r = 0.559 for women) due to non-monotonous trends over time and fluctuations in earlier time periods. CONCLUSION: The effect of introducing the new JSP for interpreting trends in all-cause mortality was considered minimal. However, caution is needed when interpreting trends in some cause-specific mortality rates.
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spelling pubmed-102579882023-07-05 Practical Implications of the Update to the 2015 Japan Standard Population: Mortality Archive From 1950 to 2020 in Japan Tanaka, Hirokazu Tanaka, Sayo Togawa, Kayo Katanoda, Kota J Epidemiol Statistical Data BACKGROUND: The 2015 Japan Standard Population (JSP) was established in response to changes in the age structure. However, the effects of major updates, especially the recategorization of older age groups, for interpreting various health metrics have not been clarified. METHODS: Population data were collected and estimated for older age categories (85–89, 90–94, and ≥95 years). Data on the number of deaths were also collected from the Vital Statistics. We recalculated the all-cause and leading cause-specific age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) using the 2015 JSP by the direct standardization method for data from 1950 to 2020. We compared ASMRs calculated using the 2015 JSP with those calculated using the 1985 JSP. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the consistency of mortality trends between the 2015 and 1985 JSPs. RESULTS: The absolute all-cause ASMRs calculated using the 2015 JSP were 2.22–3.00 times higher than those calculated using the 1985 JSP. The ASMR ratios increased gradually over time. While trends in all-cause and cause-specific ASMRs calculated using the 2015 JSP and 1985 JSP were generally highly correlated (Pearson’s correlation coefficient [r] = 0.993 for all-cause), correlations were relatively low for malignant neoplasms (r = 0.720 for men and r = 0.581 for women) and pneumonia/bronchitis (r = 0.543 for men and r = 0.559 for women) due to non-monotonous trends over time and fluctuations in earlier time periods. CONCLUSION: The effect of introducing the new JSP for interpreting trends in all-cause mortality was considered minimal. However, caution is needed when interpreting trends in some cause-specific mortality rates. Japan Epidemiological Association 2023-07-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10257988/ /pubmed/36775330 http://dx.doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20220302 Text en © 2023 Hirokazu Tanaka et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Statistical Data
Tanaka, Hirokazu
Tanaka, Sayo
Togawa, Kayo
Katanoda, Kota
Practical Implications of the Update to the 2015 Japan Standard Population: Mortality Archive From 1950 to 2020 in Japan
title Practical Implications of the Update to the 2015 Japan Standard Population: Mortality Archive From 1950 to 2020 in Japan
title_full Practical Implications of the Update to the 2015 Japan Standard Population: Mortality Archive From 1950 to 2020 in Japan
title_fullStr Practical Implications of the Update to the 2015 Japan Standard Population: Mortality Archive From 1950 to 2020 in Japan
title_full_unstemmed Practical Implications of the Update to the 2015 Japan Standard Population: Mortality Archive From 1950 to 2020 in Japan
title_short Practical Implications of the Update to the 2015 Japan Standard Population: Mortality Archive From 1950 to 2020 in Japan
title_sort practical implications of the update to the 2015 japan standard population: mortality archive from 1950 to 2020 in japan
topic Statistical Data
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10257988/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36775330
http://dx.doi.org/10.2188/jea.JE20220302
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