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Hydrogel electrodes with conductive and substrate-adhesive layers for noninvasive long-term EEG acquisition

Noninvasive brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) show great potential in applications including sleep monitoring, fatigue alerts, neurofeedback training, etc. While noninvasive BCIs do not impose any procedural risk to users (as opposed to invasive BCIs), the acquisition of high-quality electroencephalo...

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Autores principales: Xue, Hailing, Wang, Dongyang, Jin, Mingyan, Gao, Hanbing, Wang, Xuhui, Xia, Long, Li, Dong’ang, Sun, Kai, Wang, Huanan, Dong, Xufeng, Zhang, Chi, Cong, Fengyu, Lin, Jiaqi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10258200/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37313471
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41378-023-00524-0
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author Xue, Hailing
Wang, Dongyang
Jin, Mingyan
Gao, Hanbing
Wang, Xuhui
Xia, Long
Li, Dong’ang
Sun, Kai
Wang, Huanan
Dong, Xufeng
Zhang, Chi
Cong, Fengyu
Lin, Jiaqi
author_facet Xue, Hailing
Wang, Dongyang
Jin, Mingyan
Gao, Hanbing
Wang, Xuhui
Xia, Long
Li, Dong’ang
Sun, Kai
Wang, Huanan
Dong, Xufeng
Zhang, Chi
Cong, Fengyu
Lin, Jiaqi
author_sort Xue, Hailing
collection PubMed
description Noninvasive brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) show great potential in applications including sleep monitoring, fatigue alerts, neurofeedback training, etc. While noninvasive BCIs do not impose any procedural risk to users (as opposed to invasive BCIs), the acquisition of high-quality electroencephalograms (EEGs) in the long term has been challenging due to the limitations of current electrodes. Herein, we developed a semidry double-layer hydrogel electrode that not only records EEG signals at a resolution comparable to that of wet electrodes but is also able to withstand up to 12 h of continuous EEG acquisition. The electrode comprises dual hydrogel layers: a conductive layer that features high conductivity, low skin-contact impedance, and high robustness; and an adhesive layer that can bond to glass or plastic substrates to reduce motion artifacts in wearing conditions. Water retention in the hydrogel is stable, and the measured skin-contact impedance of the hydrogel electrode is comparable to that of wet electrodes (conductive paste) and drastically lower than that of dry electrodes (metal pin). Cytotoxicity and skin irritation tests show that the hydrogel electrode has excellent biocompatibility. Finally, the developed hydrogel electrode was evaluated in both N170 and P300 event-related potential (ERP) tests on human volunteers. The hydrogel electrode captured the expected ERP waveforms in both the N170 and P300 tests, showing similarities in the waveforms generated by wet electrodes. In contrast, dry electrodes fail to detect the triggered potential due to low signal quality. In addition, our hydrogel electrode can acquire EEG for up to 12 h and is ready for recycled use (7-day tests). Altogether, the results suggest that our semidry double-layer hydrogel electrodes are able to detect ERPs in the long term in an easy-to-use fashion, potentially opening up numerous applications in real-life scenarios for noninvasive BCI. [Image: see text]
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spelling pubmed-102582002023-06-13 Hydrogel electrodes with conductive and substrate-adhesive layers for noninvasive long-term EEG acquisition Xue, Hailing Wang, Dongyang Jin, Mingyan Gao, Hanbing Wang, Xuhui Xia, Long Li, Dong’ang Sun, Kai Wang, Huanan Dong, Xufeng Zhang, Chi Cong, Fengyu Lin, Jiaqi Microsyst Nanoeng Article Noninvasive brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) show great potential in applications including sleep monitoring, fatigue alerts, neurofeedback training, etc. While noninvasive BCIs do not impose any procedural risk to users (as opposed to invasive BCIs), the acquisition of high-quality electroencephalograms (EEGs) in the long term has been challenging due to the limitations of current electrodes. Herein, we developed a semidry double-layer hydrogel electrode that not only records EEG signals at a resolution comparable to that of wet electrodes but is also able to withstand up to 12 h of continuous EEG acquisition. The electrode comprises dual hydrogel layers: a conductive layer that features high conductivity, low skin-contact impedance, and high robustness; and an adhesive layer that can bond to glass or plastic substrates to reduce motion artifacts in wearing conditions. Water retention in the hydrogel is stable, and the measured skin-contact impedance of the hydrogel electrode is comparable to that of wet electrodes (conductive paste) and drastically lower than that of dry electrodes (metal pin). Cytotoxicity and skin irritation tests show that the hydrogel electrode has excellent biocompatibility. Finally, the developed hydrogel electrode was evaluated in both N170 and P300 event-related potential (ERP) tests on human volunteers. The hydrogel electrode captured the expected ERP waveforms in both the N170 and P300 tests, showing similarities in the waveforms generated by wet electrodes. In contrast, dry electrodes fail to detect the triggered potential due to low signal quality. In addition, our hydrogel electrode can acquire EEG for up to 12 h and is ready for recycled use (7-day tests). Altogether, the results suggest that our semidry double-layer hydrogel electrodes are able to detect ERPs in the long term in an easy-to-use fashion, potentially opening up numerous applications in real-life scenarios for noninvasive BCI. [Image: see text] Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC10258200/ /pubmed/37313471 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41378-023-00524-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Xue, Hailing
Wang, Dongyang
Jin, Mingyan
Gao, Hanbing
Wang, Xuhui
Xia, Long
Li, Dong’ang
Sun, Kai
Wang, Huanan
Dong, Xufeng
Zhang, Chi
Cong, Fengyu
Lin, Jiaqi
Hydrogel electrodes with conductive and substrate-adhesive layers for noninvasive long-term EEG acquisition
title Hydrogel electrodes with conductive and substrate-adhesive layers for noninvasive long-term EEG acquisition
title_full Hydrogel electrodes with conductive and substrate-adhesive layers for noninvasive long-term EEG acquisition
title_fullStr Hydrogel electrodes with conductive and substrate-adhesive layers for noninvasive long-term EEG acquisition
title_full_unstemmed Hydrogel electrodes with conductive and substrate-adhesive layers for noninvasive long-term EEG acquisition
title_short Hydrogel electrodes with conductive and substrate-adhesive layers for noninvasive long-term EEG acquisition
title_sort hydrogel electrodes with conductive and substrate-adhesive layers for noninvasive long-term eeg acquisition
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10258200/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37313471
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41378-023-00524-0
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