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Low prevalence of ideal levels in cardiovascular behavior metrics among Mexican adolescents
BACKGROUND: Lifestyle changes when transitioning from high-school to college expose students to unhealthy behaviors associated with high cardiovascular risk. The study aimed to assess the cardiovascular behavior metrics according to the AHA criteria, in freshman college adolescents from Northwest Me...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10259807/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37308860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15959-3 |
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author | Terminel-Zaragoza, Ricardo Angulo-Urías, Mariana de Jesús Toledo-Domínguez, Iván Quintero-Portillo, Hebert Bojórquez-Díaz, Cecilia Ivonne Ulloa-Mercado, Gabriela Gortares-Moroyoqui, Pablo Arias-Gastélum, Mayra Legarreta-Muela, Fátima Rentería-Mexía, Ana |
author_facet | Terminel-Zaragoza, Ricardo Angulo-Urías, Mariana de Jesús Toledo-Domínguez, Iván Quintero-Portillo, Hebert Bojórquez-Díaz, Cecilia Ivonne Ulloa-Mercado, Gabriela Gortares-Moroyoqui, Pablo Arias-Gastélum, Mayra Legarreta-Muela, Fátima Rentería-Mexía, Ana |
author_sort | Terminel-Zaragoza, Ricardo |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Lifestyle changes when transitioning from high-school to college expose students to unhealthy behaviors associated with high cardiovascular risk. The study aimed to assess the cardiovascular behavior metrics according to the AHA criteria, in freshman college adolescents from Northwest Mexico. METHODS: The study was cross-sectional. Demographics and health history were collected by questionnaires. Four behaviors were evaluated: diet quality using a duplicated FFQ, physical activity (PA) using the IPAQ, smoking, and body mass index (BMI) percentile; blood pressure was measured as a biological metric. Intakes were averaged and summed for each food group; sodium and saturated fat were calculated using the Mexican System of Food Equivalents or the USDA Database. Metrics were categorized into ideal, intermediate or poor level according to the AHA criteria. Diet outliers (± 3 SD) were trimmed and data was tested for normality. Mean±SD were calculated for continuous and percentages for categorical variables. Chi-square test compared the prevalence of demographic variables and levels of each cardiovascular metric by sex. Independent T-test evaluated differences in anthropometrics, dietary, and PA by sex, and the prevalence of ideal vs. non-ideal dietary intakes. RESULTS: Participants were n = 228, 55.6% men, age = 18.5±0.4 y. A higher prevalence of men indicated working, playing sports, and family history hypertriglyceridemia (p < 0.05). Men showed higher weight, height, BMI, waist, blood pressure, and lower PA and body fat (p < 0.05). Concerning diet quality, significant differences by sex were observed in nuts and seeds (1.1±0.6 and 0.9±0.6 oz/week, p = 0.042) and processed meats (749.8±639 and 503.6±300.3 g/week, p = 0.002); only fish and shellfish group reached AHA recommendations (513.1 ± 450.7 vs. 501.7 ± 428 g/week, p = 0.671) for men and women, respectively. Ideal level was reached by 70.9% participants for BMI percentile, 87% for smoking, 67.2% for blood pressure, 25.9% for PA, and 12.2% for diet score. Regarding food groups and nutrients, the lower prevalence in the ideal level was for sugar-sweetened beverages (10%, p = 0.013) and processed meats (4.8%, p = 0.208), and the highest for fish and shellfish (87.8%, p = 0.281) . CONCLUSIONS: The diet and PA patterns of Northwest Mexican freshman adolescents make them a high-risk group for developing long-term unhealthy habits and cardiovascular complications early in adulthood. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-023-15959-3. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10259807 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102598072023-06-14 Low prevalence of ideal levels in cardiovascular behavior metrics among Mexican adolescents Terminel-Zaragoza, Ricardo Angulo-Urías, Mariana de Jesús Toledo-Domínguez, Iván Quintero-Portillo, Hebert Bojórquez-Díaz, Cecilia Ivonne Ulloa-Mercado, Gabriela Gortares-Moroyoqui, Pablo Arias-Gastélum, Mayra Legarreta-Muela, Fátima Rentería-Mexía, Ana BMC Public Health Research BACKGROUND: Lifestyle changes when transitioning from high-school to college expose students to unhealthy behaviors associated with high cardiovascular risk. The study aimed to assess the cardiovascular behavior metrics according to the AHA criteria, in freshman college adolescents from Northwest Mexico. METHODS: The study was cross-sectional. Demographics and health history were collected by questionnaires. Four behaviors were evaluated: diet quality using a duplicated FFQ, physical activity (PA) using the IPAQ, smoking, and body mass index (BMI) percentile; blood pressure was measured as a biological metric. Intakes were averaged and summed for each food group; sodium and saturated fat were calculated using the Mexican System of Food Equivalents or the USDA Database. Metrics were categorized into ideal, intermediate or poor level according to the AHA criteria. Diet outliers (± 3 SD) were trimmed and data was tested for normality. Mean±SD were calculated for continuous and percentages for categorical variables. Chi-square test compared the prevalence of demographic variables and levels of each cardiovascular metric by sex. Independent T-test evaluated differences in anthropometrics, dietary, and PA by sex, and the prevalence of ideal vs. non-ideal dietary intakes. RESULTS: Participants were n = 228, 55.6% men, age = 18.5±0.4 y. A higher prevalence of men indicated working, playing sports, and family history hypertriglyceridemia (p < 0.05). Men showed higher weight, height, BMI, waist, blood pressure, and lower PA and body fat (p < 0.05). Concerning diet quality, significant differences by sex were observed in nuts and seeds (1.1±0.6 and 0.9±0.6 oz/week, p = 0.042) and processed meats (749.8±639 and 503.6±300.3 g/week, p = 0.002); only fish and shellfish group reached AHA recommendations (513.1 ± 450.7 vs. 501.7 ± 428 g/week, p = 0.671) for men and women, respectively. Ideal level was reached by 70.9% participants for BMI percentile, 87% for smoking, 67.2% for blood pressure, 25.9% for PA, and 12.2% for diet score. Regarding food groups and nutrients, the lower prevalence in the ideal level was for sugar-sweetened beverages (10%, p = 0.013) and processed meats (4.8%, p = 0.208), and the highest for fish and shellfish (87.8%, p = 0.281) . CONCLUSIONS: The diet and PA patterns of Northwest Mexican freshman adolescents make them a high-risk group for developing long-term unhealthy habits and cardiovascular complications early in adulthood. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-023-15959-3. BioMed Central 2023-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC10259807/ /pubmed/37308860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15959-3 Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Terminel-Zaragoza, Ricardo Angulo-Urías, Mariana de Jesús Toledo-Domínguez, Iván Quintero-Portillo, Hebert Bojórquez-Díaz, Cecilia Ivonne Ulloa-Mercado, Gabriela Gortares-Moroyoqui, Pablo Arias-Gastélum, Mayra Legarreta-Muela, Fátima Rentería-Mexía, Ana Low prevalence of ideal levels in cardiovascular behavior metrics among Mexican adolescents |
title | Low prevalence of ideal levels in cardiovascular behavior metrics among Mexican adolescents |
title_full | Low prevalence of ideal levels in cardiovascular behavior metrics among Mexican adolescents |
title_fullStr | Low prevalence of ideal levels in cardiovascular behavior metrics among Mexican adolescents |
title_full_unstemmed | Low prevalence of ideal levels in cardiovascular behavior metrics among Mexican adolescents |
title_short | Low prevalence of ideal levels in cardiovascular behavior metrics among Mexican adolescents |
title_sort | low prevalence of ideal levels in cardiovascular behavior metrics among mexican adolescents |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10259807/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37308860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15959-3 |
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