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Atrophy of the optic chiasm is associated with microvascular diabetic complications in type 1 diabetes

INTRODUCTION: Diabetic neuropathy and diabetic eye disease are well known complications of type 1 diabetes. We hypothesized that chronic hyperglycemia also damages the optic tract, which can be measured using routine magnetic resonance imaging. Our aim was to compare morphological differences in the...

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Autores principales: Tarkkonen, Aleksi, Claesson, Tor-Björn, Eriksson, Marika I., Forsblom, Carol, Thorn, Lena M., Summanen, Paula, Groop, Per-Henrik, Putaala, Jukka, Gordin, Daniel, Martola, Juha
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10262729/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37324273
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1134530
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author Tarkkonen, Aleksi
Claesson, Tor-Björn
Eriksson, Marika I.
Forsblom, Carol
Thorn, Lena M.
Summanen, Paula
Groop, Per-Henrik
Putaala, Jukka
Gordin, Daniel
Martola, Juha
author_facet Tarkkonen, Aleksi
Claesson, Tor-Björn
Eriksson, Marika I.
Forsblom, Carol
Thorn, Lena M.
Summanen, Paula
Groop, Per-Henrik
Putaala, Jukka
Gordin, Daniel
Martola, Juha
author_sort Tarkkonen, Aleksi
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Diabetic neuropathy and diabetic eye disease are well known complications of type 1 diabetes. We hypothesized that chronic hyperglycemia also damages the optic tract, which can be measured using routine magnetic resonance imaging. Our aim was to compare morphological differences in the optic tract between individuals with type 1 diabetes and healthy control subjects. Associations between optic tract atrophy and metabolic measures, cerebrovascular and microvascular diabetic complications were further studied among individuals with type 1 diabetes. METHODS: We included 188 subjects with type 1 diabetes and 30 healthy controls, all recruited as part of the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study. All participants underwent a clinical examination, biochemical work-up, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Two different raters manually measured the optic tract. RESULTS: The coronal area of the optic chiasm was smaller among those with type 1 diabetes compared to non-diabetic controls (median area 24.7 [21.0-28.5] vs 30.0 [26.7-33.3] mm(2), p<0.001). In participants with type 1 diabetes, a smaller chiasmatic area was associated with duration of diabetes, glycated hemoglobin, and body mass index. Diabetic eye disease, kidney disease, neuropathy and the presence of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in brain MRI were associated with smaller chiasmatic size (p<0.05 for all). CONCLUSION: Individuals with type 1 diabetes had smaller optic chiasms than healthy controls, suggesting that diabetic neurodegenerative changes extend to the optic nerve tract. This hypothesis was further supported by the association of smaller chiasm with chronic hyperglycemia, duration of diabetes, diabetic microvascular complications, as well as and CMBs in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
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spelling pubmed-102627292023-06-15 Atrophy of the optic chiasm is associated with microvascular diabetic complications in type 1 diabetes Tarkkonen, Aleksi Claesson, Tor-Björn Eriksson, Marika I. Forsblom, Carol Thorn, Lena M. Summanen, Paula Groop, Per-Henrik Putaala, Jukka Gordin, Daniel Martola, Juha Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology INTRODUCTION: Diabetic neuropathy and diabetic eye disease are well known complications of type 1 diabetes. We hypothesized that chronic hyperglycemia also damages the optic tract, which can be measured using routine magnetic resonance imaging. Our aim was to compare morphological differences in the optic tract between individuals with type 1 diabetes and healthy control subjects. Associations between optic tract atrophy and metabolic measures, cerebrovascular and microvascular diabetic complications were further studied among individuals with type 1 diabetes. METHODS: We included 188 subjects with type 1 diabetes and 30 healthy controls, all recruited as part of the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study. All participants underwent a clinical examination, biochemical work-up, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Two different raters manually measured the optic tract. RESULTS: The coronal area of the optic chiasm was smaller among those with type 1 diabetes compared to non-diabetic controls (median area 24.7 [21.0-28.5] vs 30.0 [26.7-33.3] mm(2), p<0.001). In participants with type 1 diabetes, a smaller chiasmatic area was associated with duration of diabetes, glycated hemoglobin, and body mass index. Diabetic eye disease, kidney disease, neuropathy and the presence of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in brain MRI were associated with smaller chiasmatic size (p<0.05 for all). CONCLUSION: Individuals with type 1 diabetes had smaller optic chiasms than healthy controls, suggesting that diabetic neurodegenerative changes extend to the optic nerve tract. This hypothesis was further supported by the association of smaller chiasm with chronic hyperglycemia, duration of diabetes, diabetic microvascular complications, as well as and CMBs in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10262729/ /pubmed/37324273 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1134530 Text en Copyright © 2023 Tarkkonen, Claesson, Eriksson, Forsblom, Thorn, Summanen, Groop, Putaala, Gordin and Martola https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Endocrinology
Tarkkonen, Aleksi
Claesson, Tor-Björn
Eriksson, Marika I.
Forsblom, Carol
Thorn, Lena M.
Summanen, Paula
Groop, Per-Henrik
Putaala, Jukka
Gordin, Daniel
Martola, Juha
Atrophy of the optic chiasm is associated with microvascular diabetic complications in type 1 diabetes
title Atrophy of the optic chiasm is associated with microvascular diabetic complications in type 1 diabetes
title_full Atrophy of the optic chiasm is associated with microvascular diabetic complications in type 1 diabetes
title_fullStr Atrophy of the optic chiasm is associated with microvascular diabetic complications in type 1 diabetes
title_full_unstemmed Atrophy of the optic chiasm is associated with microvascular diabetic complications in type 1 diabetes
title_short Atrophy of the optic chiasm is associated with microvascular diabetic complications in type 1 diabetes
title_sort atrophy of the optic chiasm is associated with microvascular diabetic complications in type 1 diabetes
topic Endocrinology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10262729/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37324273
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2023.1134530
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