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Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility

Cell spreading and motility on an adhesive substrate are driven by the active physical forces generated by the actin cytoskeleton. We have recently shown that coupling curved membrane complexes to protrusive forces, exerted by the actin polymerization that they recruit, provides a mechanism that can...

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Autores principales: Sadhukhan, Shubhadeep, Penič, Samo, Iglič, Aleš, Gov, Nir S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10265991/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37325558
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2023.1193793
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author Sadhukhan, Shubhadeep
Penič, Samo
Iglič, Aleš
Gov, Nir S.
author_facet Sadhukhan, Shubhadeep
Penič, Samo
Iglič, Aleš
Gov, Nir S.
author_sort Sadhukhan, Shubhadeep
collection PubMed
description Cell spreading and motility on an adhesive substrate are driven by the active physical forces generated by the actin cytoskeleton. We have recently shown that coupling curved membrane complexes to protrusive forces, exerted by the actin polymerization that they recruit, provides a mechanism that can give rise to spontaneous membrane shapes and patterns. In the presence of an adhesive substrate, this model was shown to give rise to an emergent motile phenotype, resembling a motile cell. Here, we utilize this “minimal-cell” model to explore the impact of external shear flow on the cell shape and migration on a uniform adhesive flat substrate. We find that in the presence of shear the motile cell reorients such that its leading edge, where the curved active proteins aggregate, faces the shear flow. The flow-facing configuration is found to minimize the adhesion energy by allowing the cell to spread more efficiently over the substrate. For the non-motile vesicle shapes, we find that they mostly slide and roll with the shear flow. We compare these theoretical results with experimental observations, and suggest that the tendency of many cell types to move against the flow may arise from the very general, and non-cell-type-specific mechanism predicted by our model.
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spelling pubmed-102659912023-06-15 Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility Sadhukhan, Shubhadeep Penič, Samo Iglič, Aleš Gov, Nir S. Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology Cell spreading and motility on an adhesive substrate are driven by the active physical forces generated by the actin cytoskeleton. We have recently shown that coupling curved membrane complexes to protrusive forces, exerted by the actin polymerization that they recruit, provides a mechanism that can give rise to spontaneous membrane shapes and patterns. In the presence of an adhesive substrate, this model was shown to give rise to an emergent motile phenotype, resembling a motile cell. Here, we utilize this “minimal-cell” model to explore the impact of external shear flow on the cell shape and migration on a uniform adhesive flat substrate. We find that in the presence of shear the motile cell reorients such that its leading edge, where the curved active proteins aggregate, faces the shear flow. The flow-facing configuration is found to minimize the adhesion energy by allowing the cell to spread more efficiently over the substrate. For the non-motile vesicle shapes, we find that they mostly slide and roll with the shear flow. We compare these theoretical results with experimental observations, and suggest that the tendency of many cell types to move against the flow may arise from the very general, and non-cell-type-specific mechanism predicted by our model. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10265991/ /pubmed/37325558 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2023.1193793 Text en Copyright © 2023 Sadhukhan, Penič, Iglič and Gov. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Sadhukhan, Shubhadeep
Penič, Samo
Iglič, Aleš
Gov, Nir S.
Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility
title Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility
title_full Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility
title_fullStr Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility
title_full_unstemmed Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility
title_short Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility
title_sort modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10265991/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37325558
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2023.1193793
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