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Evidence of aerosol transmission of African swine fever virus between two piggeries under field conditions: a case study

African swine fever (ASF) is a devastating and economically significant infectious disease that has caused enormous losses in the commercial pig sector in China since 2018. The primary transmission routes of the African swine fever virus (ASFV), the causative agent of ASF, are direct pig-to-pig cont...

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Autores principales: Li, Xiaowen, Hu, Zhiqiang, Fan, Mingyu, Tian, Xiaogang, Wu, Weisheng, Gao, Wenchao, Bian, Lujie, Jiang, Xiaoxue
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10267313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37323846
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1201503
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author Li, Xiaowen
Hu, Zhiqiang
Fan, Mingyu
Tian, Xiaogang
Wu, Weisheng
Gao, Wenchao
Bian, Lujie
Jiang, Xiaoxue
author_facet Li, Xiaowen
Hu, Zhiqiang
Fan, Mingyu
Tian, Xiaogang
Wu, Weisheng
Gao, Wenchao
Bian, Lujie
Jiang, Xiaoxue
author_sort Li, Xiaowen
collection PubMed
description African swine fever (ASF) is a devastating and economically significant infectious disease that has caused enormous losses in the commercial pig sector in China since 2018. The primary transmission routes of the African swine fever virus (ASFV), the causative agent of ASF, are direct pig-to-pig contact or indirect contact with virus-contaminated objects. While aerosol transmission of ASFV has been previously reported under experimental conditions, no reports have described it under field conditions. In this case study, aerosol-associated samples were collected over a monitoring period of 24 days in an ASFV-positive farm. A complete and clear chain of ASFV transmission through aerosols was observed: pigs in Room A on Day 0-aerosol in Room A on Day 6-dust of air outlets in Room A on Day 9-outdoor aerosols on Day 9-dust of air inlets in Room B on Day 15-aerosols/pigs in Room B on Day 21. Furthermore, a fluorescent powder experiment confirmed the transmission of dust from Room A to Room B. This study represents the first report providing evidence of aerosol transmission of ASFV under field conditions. Further research is needed to study the laws of aerosol transmission in ASFV and develop effective strategies such as air filtration or disinfection to create a low-risk environment with fresh air for pig herds.
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spelling pubmed-102673132023-06-15 Evidence of aerosol transmission of African swine fever virus between two piggeries under field conditions: a case study Li, Xiaowen Hu, Zhiqiang Fan, Mingyu Tian, Xiaogang Wu, Weisheng Gao, Wenchao Bian, Lujie Jiang, Xiaoxue Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science African swine fever (ASF) is a devastating and economically significant infectious disease that has caused enormous losses in the commercial pig sector in China since 2018. The primary transmission routes of the African swine fever virus (ASFV), the causative agent of ASF, are direct pig-to-pig contact or indirect contact with virus-contaminated objects. While aerosol transmission of ASFV has been previously reported under experimental conditions, no reports have described it under field conditions. In this case study, aerosol-associated samples were collected over a monitoring period of 24 days in an ASFV-positive farm. A complete and clear chain of ASFV transmission through aerosols was observed: pigs in Room A on Day 0-aerosol in Room A on Day 6-dust of air outlets in Room A on Day 9-outdoor aerosols on Day 9-dust of air inlets in Room B on Day 15-aerosols/pigs in Room B on Day 21. Furthermore, a fluorescent powder experiment confirmed the transmission of dust from Room A to Room B. This study represents the first report providing evidence of aerosol transmission of ASFV under field conditions. Further research is needed to study the laws of aerosol transmission in ASFV and develop effective strategies such as air filtration or disinfection to create a low-risk environment with fresh air for pig herds. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC10267313/ /pubmed/37323846 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1201503 Text en Copyright © 2023 Li, Hu, Fan, Tian, Wu, Gao, Bian and Jiang. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Li, Xiaowen
Hu, Zhiqiang
Fan, Mingyu
Tian, Xiaogang
Wu, Weisheng
Gao, Wenchao
Bian, Lujie
Jiang, Xiaoxue
Evidence of aerosol transmission of African swine fever virus between two piggeries under field conditions: a case study
title Evidence of aerosol transmission of African swine fever virus between two piggeries under field conditions: a case study
title_full Evidence of aerosol transmission of African swine fever virus between two piggeries under field conditions: a case study
title_fullStr Evidence of aerosol transmission of African swine fever virus between two piggeries under field conditions: a case study
title_full_unstemmed Evidence of aerosol transmission of African swine fever virus between two piggeries under field conditions: a case study
title_short Evidence of aerosol transmission of African swine fever virus between two piggeries under field conditions: a case study
title_sort evidence of aerosol transmission of african swine fever virus between two piggeries under field conditions: a case study
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10267313/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37323846
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1201503
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