Cargando…

Photoplethysmography upon cold stress—impact of measurement site and acquisition mode

Photoplethysmography (PPG) allows various statements about the physiological state. It supports multiple recording setups, i.e., application to various body sites and different acquisition modes, rendering the technique a versatile tool for various situations. Owing to anatomical, physiological and...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Fleischhauer, Vincent, Bruhn, Jan, Rasche, Stefan, Zaunseder, Sebastian
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10267461/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37324389
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1127624
_version_ 1785058933042315264
author Fleischhauer, Vincent
Bruhn, Jan
Rasche, Stefan
Zaunseder, Sebastian
author_facet Fleischhauer, Vincent
Bruhn, Jan
Rasche, Stefan
Zaunseder, Sebastian
author_sort Fleischhauer, Vincent
collection PubMed
description Photoplethysmography (PPG) allows various statements about the physiological state. It supports multiple recording setups, i.e., application to various body sites and different acquisition modes, rendering the technique a versatile tool for various situations. Owing to anatomical, physiological and metrological factors, PPG signals differ with the actual setup. Research on such differences can deepen the understanding of prevailing physiological mechanisms and path the way towards improved or novel methods for PPG analysis. The presented work systematically investigates the impact of the cold pressor test (CPT), i.e., a painful stimulus, on the morphology of PPG signals considering different recording setups. Our investigation compares contact PPG recorded at the finger, contact PPG recorded at the earlobe and imaging PPG (iPPG), i.e., non-contact PPG, recorded at the face. The study bases on own experimental data from 39 healthy volunteers. We derived for each recording setup four common morphological PPG features from three intervals around CPT. For the same intervals, we derived blood pressure and heart rate as reference. To assess differences between the intervals, we used repeated measures ANOVA together with paired t-tests for each feature and we calculated Hedges’ g to quantify effect sizes. Our analyses show a distinct impact of CPT. As expected, blood pressure shows a highly significant and persistent increase. Independently of the recording setup, all PPG features show significant changes upon CPT as well. However, there are marked differences between recording setups. Effect sizes generally differ with the finger PPG showing the strongest response. Moreover, one feature (pulse width at half amplitude) shows an inverse behavior in finger PPG and head PPG (earlobe PPG and iPPG). In addition, iPPG features behave partially different from contact PPG features as they tend to return to baseline values while contact PPG features remain altered. Our findings underline the importance of recording setup and physiological as well as metrological differences that relate to the setups. The actual setup must be considered in order to properly interpret features and use PPG. The existence of differences between recording setups and a deepened knowledge on such differences might open up novel diagnostic methods in the future.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10267461
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-102674612023-06-15 Photoplethysmography upon cold stress—impact of measurement site and acquisition mode Fleischhauer, Vincent Bruhn, Jan Rasche, Stefan Zaunseder, Sebastian Front Physiol Physiology Photoplethysmography (PPG) allows various statements about the physiological state. It supports multiple recording setups, i.e., application to various body sites and different acquisition modes, rendering the technique a versatile tool for various situations. Owing to anatomical, physiological and metrological factors, PPG signals differ with the actual setup. Research on such differences can deepen the understanding of prevailing physiological mechanisms and path the way towards improved or novel methods for PPG analysis. The presented work systematically investigates the impact of the cold pressor test (CPT), i.e., a painful stimulus, on the morphology of PPG signals considering different recording setups. Our investigation compares contact PPG recorded at the finger, contact PPG recorded at the earlobe and imaging PPG (iPPG), i.e., non-contact PPG, recorded at the face. The study bases on own experimental data from 39 healthy volunteers. We derived for each recording setup four common morphological PPG features from three intervals around CPT. For the same intervals, we derived blood pressure and heart rate as reference. To assess differences between the intervals, we used repeated measures ANOVA together with paired t-tests for each feature and we calculated Hedges’ g to quantify effect sizes. Our analyses show a distinct impact of CPT. As expected, blood pressure shows a highly significant and persistent increase. Independently of the recording setup, all PPG features show significant changes upon CPT as well. However, there are marked differences between recording setups. Effect sizes generally differ with the finger PPG showing the strongest response. Moreover, one feature (pulse width at half amplitude) shows an inverse behavior in finger PPG and head PPG (earlobe PPG and iPPG). In addition, iPPG features behave partially different from contact PPG features as they tend to return to baseline values while contact PPG features remain altered. Our findings underline the importance of recording setup and physiological as well as metrological differences that relate to the setups. The actual setup must be considered in order to properly interpret features and use PPG. The existence of differences between recording setups and a deepened knowledge on such differences might open up novel diagnostic methods in the future. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC10267461/ /pubmed/37324389 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1127624 Text en Copyright © 2023 Fleischhauer, Bruhn, Rasche and Zaunseder. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Physiology
Fleischhauer, Vincent
Bruhn, Jan
Rasche, Stefan
Zaunseder, Sebastian
Photoplethysmography upon cold stress—impact of measurement site and acquisition mode
title Photoplethysmography upon cold stress—impact of measurement site and acquisition mode
title_full Photoplethysmography upon cold stress—impact of measurement site and acquisition mode
title_fullStr Photoplethysmography upon cold stress—impact of measurement site and acquisition mode
title_full_unstemmed Photoplethysmography upon cold stress—impact of measurement site and acquisition mode
title_short Photoplethysmography upon cold stress—impact of measurement site and acquisition mode
title_sort photoplethysmography upon cold stress—impact of measurement site and acquisition mode
topic Physiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10267461/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37324389
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1127624
work_keys_str_mv AT fleischhauervincent photoplethysmographyuponcoldstressimpactofmeasurementsiteandacquisitionmode
AT bruhnjan photoplethysmographyuponcoldstressimpactofmeasurementsiteandacquisitionmode
AT raschestefan photoplethysmographyuponcoldstressimpactofmeasurementsiteandacquisitionmode
AT zaunsedersebastian photoplethysmographyuponcoldstressimpactofmeasurementsiteandacquisitionmode