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Swimming performance of Cyprinus carpio (Carp) in China
Cyprinus carpio (Carp) is a fish of great economic importance in China. However, its population has declined considerably due to the construction of barrages. Thus, fishways need to be constructed at barrages to protect fish resources. It is essential for the fishway design to study the swimming per...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10272485/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37332906 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17014 |
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author | Li, Juntao Liu, Haixiao Xiao, Zhong Wei, Xian Liu, Zhe Zhang, Zhipeng |
author_facet | Li, Juntao Liu, Haixiao Xiao, Zhong Wei, Xian Liu, Zhe Zhang, Zhipeng |
author_sort | Li, Juntao |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cyprinus carpio (Carp) is a fish of great economic importance in China. However, its population has declined considerably due to the construction of barrages. Thus, fishways need to be constructed at barrages to protect fish resources. It is essential for the fishway design to study the swimming performance of carp. By applying incremental flow velocities in a glass open-type flume, three indicators of swimming performance of the carp in China with the body length (BL) of 13–21 cm, including the induced flow velocity (IFV), the critical swimming speed (U(crit)) and the burst swimming speed (U(burst)), are systematically assessed. The correlation between the swimming performance and the BL is also analyzed. The results indicate that the IFV of the carp is 15.56 ± 1.79 cm/s, which is not significantly influenced by the BL. The value of U(crit) varies from 60 to 82 cm/s and gradually increases with the increasing value of BL. The relative critical swimming speed (U'(crit)) is 4.23 ± 0.28 BL/s and gradually decreases with the increasing value of BL. The value of U(burst) ranges from 77.2 to 105.1 cm/s, which is linearly positively correlated to BL. The relative burst swimming speed (U'(burst)) is 5.42 ± 0.39 BL/s. The value of U(burst) is approximately 1.28 times of that of U(crit) for the carps with the same BL. These findings are meaningful to the further study of ecological behavior and to the fishway design and optimization of carps. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10272485 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102724852023-06-17 Swimming performance of Cyprinus carpio (Carp) in China Li, Juntao Liu, Haixiao Xiao, Zhong Wei, Xian Liu, Zhe Zhang, Zhipeng Heliyon Research Article Cyprinus carpio (Carp) is a fish of great economic importance in China. However, its population has declined considerably due to the construction of barrages. Thus, fishways need to be constructed at barrages to protect fish resources. It is essential for the fishway design to study the swimming performance of carp. By applying incremental flow velocities in a glass open-type flume, three indicators of swimming performance of the carp in China with the body length (BL) of 13–21 cm, including the induced flow velocity (IFV), the critical swimming speed (U(crit)) and the burst swimming speed (U(burst)), are systematically assessed. The correlation between the swimming performance and the BL is also analyzed. The results indicate that the IFV of the carp is 15.56 ± 1.79 cm/s, which is not significantly influenced by the BL. The value of U(crit) varies from 60 to 82 cm/s and gradually increases with the increasing value of BL. The relative critical swimming speed (U'(crit)) is 4.23 ± 0.28 BL/s and gradually decreases with the increasing value of BL. The value of U(burst) ranges from 77.2 to 105.1 cm/s, which is linearly positively correlated to BL. The relative burst swimming speed (U'(burst)) is 5.42 ± 0.39 BL/s. The value of U(burst) is approximately 1.28 times of that of U(crit) for the carps with the same BL. These findings are meaningful to the further study of ecological behavior and to the fishway design and optimization of carps. Elsevier 2023-06-05 /pmc/articles/PMC10272485/ /pubmed/37332906 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17014 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Research Article Li, Juntao Liu, Haixiao Xiao, Zhong Wei, Xian Liu, Zhe Zhang, Zhipeng Swimming performance of Cyprinus carpio (Carp) in China |
title | Swimming performance of Cyprinus carpio (Carp) in China |
title_full | Swimming performance of Cyprinus carpio (Carp) in China |
title_fullStr | Swimming performance of Cyprinus carpio (Carp) in China |
title_full_unstemmed | Swimming performance of Cyprinus carpio (Carp) in China |
title_short | Swimming performance of Cyprinus carpio (Carp) in China |
title_sort | swimming performance of cyprinus carpio (carp) in china |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10272485/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37332906 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17014 |
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