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Premonitory Urge and Tic Severity, Comorbidities, and Quality of Life in Chronic Tic Disorders

BACKGROUND: Tics are intimately associated with premonitory urges (PU) but knowledge about urges is still limited, with small sample sizes often limiting the generalizability of findings. OBJECTIVES: This study addressed the following open questions: (1) is tic severity associated with urge severity...

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Autores principales: Brandt, Valerie, Essing, Jana, Jakubovski, Ewgeni, Müller‐Vahl, Kirsten
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10272904/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37332633
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mdc3.13742
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author Brandt, Valerie
Essing, Jana
Jakubovski, Ewgeni
Müller‐Vahl, Kirsten
author_facet Brandt, Valerie
Essing, Jana
Jakubovski, Ewgeni
Müller‐Vahl, Kirsten
author_sort Brandt, Valerie
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Tics are intimately associated with premonitory urges (PU) but knowledge about urges is still limited, with small sample sizes often limiting the generalizability of findings. OBJECTIVES: This study addressed the following open questions: (1) is tic severity associated with urge severity, (2) how common is relief, (3) which comorbidities are associated with urges, (4) are urges, tics, and comorbidities associated with lower quality of life, and (5) can complex and simple, motor and vocal tics be differentiated based on PU? METHODS: N = 291 patients who reported a confirmed diagnosis of chronic primary tic disorder (age = 18–65, 24% female) filled out an online survey assessing demographic data, comorbid conditions, location, quality and intensity of PU, as well as quality of life. Every tic was recorded, and whether the patient experienced a PU, the frequency, intensity, and quality of that urge. RESULTS: PU and tic severity were significantly associated, and 85% of urge‐related tics were followed by relief. A diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or depression, female gender, and older age increased the likelihood of experiencing PU, while more obsessive compulsive (OCD) symptoms and younger age were associated with higher urge intensities. PU, complex vocal tics, ADHD, OCD, anxiety, and depression were related to lower quality of life. Motor and vocal, complex and simple tics did not differ regarding PU intensity, frequency, and quality, or relief. CONCLUSIONS: The results shed light on the relationship between PU, tics, comorbidities, age, gender, and quality of life in tic disorders.
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spelling pubmed-102729042023-06-17 Premonitory Urge and Tic Severity, Comorbidities, and Quality of Life in Chronic Tic Disorders Brandt, Valerie Essing, Jana Jakubovski, Ewgeni Müller‐Vahl, Kirsten Mov Disord Clin Pract Research Articles BACKGROUND: Tics are intimately associated with premonitory urges (PU) but knowledge about urges is still limited, with small sample sizes often limiting the generalizability of findings. OBJECTIVES: This study addressed the following open questions: (1) is tic severity associated with urge severity, (2) how common is relief, (3) which comorbidities are associated with urges, (4) are urges, tics, and comorbidities associated with lower quality of life, and (5) can complex and simple, motor and vocal tics be differentiated based on PU? METHODS: N = 291 patients who reported a confirmed diagnosis of chronic primary tic disorder (age = 18–65, 24% female) filled out an online survey assessing demographic data, comorbid conditions, location, quality and intensity of PU, as well as quality of life. Every tic was recorded, and whether the patient experienced a PU, the frequency, intensity, and quality of that urge. RESULTS: PU and tic severity were significantly associated, and 85% of urge‐related tics were followed by relief. A diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or depression, female gender, and older age increased the likelihood of experiencing PU, while more obsessive compulsive (OCD) symptoms and younger age were associated with higher urge intensities. PU, complex vocal tics, ADHD, OCD, anxiety, and depression were related to lower quality of life. Motor and vocal, complex and simple tics did not differ regarding PU intensity, frequency, and quality, or relief. CONCLUSIONS: The results shed light on the relationship between PU, tics, comorbidities, age, gender, and quality of life in tic disorders. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2023-04-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10272904/ /pubmed/37332633 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mdc3.13742 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders Clinical Practice published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Articles
Brandt, Valerie
Essing, Jana
Jakubovski, Ewgeni
Müller‐Vahl, Kirsten
Premonitory Urge and Tic Severity, Comorbidities, and Quality of Life in Chronic Tic Disorders
title Premonitory Urge and Tic Severity, Comorbidities, and Quality of Life in Chronic Tic Disorders
title_full Premonitory Urge and Tic Severity, Comorbidities, and Quality of Life in Chronic Tic Disorders
title_fullStr Premonitory Urge and Tic Severity, Comorbidities, and Quality of Life in Chronic Tic Disorders
title_full_unstemmed Premonitory Urge and Tic Severity, Comorbidities, and Quality of Life in Chronic Tic Disorders
title_short Premonitory Urge and Tic Severity, Comorbidities, and Quality of Life in Chronic Tic Disorders
title_sort premonitory urge and tic severity, comorbidities, and quality of life in chronic tic disorders
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10272904/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37332633
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mdc3.13742
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