Les urgences urologiques dans deux hôpitaux universitaires de Douala: une étude rétrospective (2016-2020)

INTRODUCTION: urological emergencies are critical situations that require rapid response by a qualified urology health care professional. The purpose of this study was to highlight the profile of urological emergencies in two university hospitals in the city of Douala by assessing emergency management. METHODS: we conducted a retrospective study of the urological emergencies in two reference hospitals in the city of Douala: the Laquintinie Hospital and the General Hospital. Files were collected over a period of 5 years (January 1(st), 2016 to December 31(st), 2020). All emergency consultations in the Emergency Unit as well as all clinical and therapeutic data from the on-call list during the study period were included. We excluded all emergencies (consultations during the study period) not recorded in the emergency registry. RESULTS: we conducted a study of 364 patients with an average age of 43 ± 8.34 years; 92.58% (n=337) of patients were male. The most common urological emergencies included: urinary retention (45.05%, n=164), renal colic (15.33%, n=56) and haematuria (13.18%, n=48). The most common cause of urinary retention was prostate tumors, renal colic was mainly due to renal lithiasis (96.45%, n=159) and hematuria was due to tumor in 68.75% (n=33) of patients. Therapeutic management was based on urinary catheterization (39.01%, n=142), medical treatment was associated with monitoring (27.47%, n=100) and suprapubic cystostomy (10.71%, n=39). CONCLUSION: acute urinary retention due to prostate tumors is the most common urological emergency in the university hospitals in the city of Douala. Early and optimal management of prostate tumors is therefore essential.