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Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey

INTRODUCTION: Multimorbidity, defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases in the same individual, represents a significant health challenge. However, there is limited evidence on its prevalence and associated factors in developing countries, such as Brazil, especially stratified by se...

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Autores principales: Pereira, Cristina Camargo, Pedroso, Charlise Fortunato, Batista, Sandro Rogério Rodrigues, Guimarães, Rafael Alves
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10278573/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37342274
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1193428
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author Pereira, Cristina Camargo
Pedroso, Charlise Fortunato
Batista, Sandro Rogério Rodrigues
Guimarães, Rafael Alves
author_facet Pereira, Cristina Camargo
Pedroso, Charlise Fortunato
Batista, Sandro Rogério Rodrigues
Guimarães, Rafael Alves
author_sort Pereira, Cristina Camargo
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Multimorbidity, defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases in the same individual, represents a significant health challenge. However, there is limited evidence on its prevalence and associated factors in developing countries, such as Brazil, especially stratified by sex. Thus, this study aims to estimate the prevalence and analyze the factors associated with multimorbidity in Brazilian adults according to sex. METHODS: Cross-sectional population-based household survey carried out with Brazilian adults aged 18 years or older. The sampling strategy consisted of a three-stage conglomerate plan. The three stages were performed through simple random sampling. Data were collected through individual interviews. Multimorbidity was classified based on a list of 14 self-reported chronic diseases/conditions. Poisson regression analysis was performed to estimate the magnitude of the association between sociodemographic and lifestyle factors with the prevalence of multimorbidity stratified by sex. RESULTS: A total of 88,531 individuals were included. In absolute terms, the prevalence of multimorbidity was 29.4%. The frequency in men and women was 22.7 and 35.4%, respectively. Overall, multimorbidity was more prevalent among women, the older people, residents of the South and Southeast regions, urban area residents, former smokers, current smokers, physically inactive, overweight, and obese adults. Individuals with complete high school/incomplete higher education had a lower prevalence of multimorbidity than those with higher educational level. The associations between education and multimorbidity differed between sexes. In men, multimorbidity was inversely associated with the strata of complete middle school/incomplete high school and complete high school/incomplete higher education, while in women, the association between these variables was not observed. Physical inactivity was positively associated with a higher prevalence of multimorbidity only in men. An inverse association was verified between the recommended fruit and vegetable consumption and multimorbidity for the total sample and both sexes. CONCLUSION: One in four adults had multimorbidity. Prevalence increased with increasing age, among women, and was associated with some lifestyles. Multimorbidity was significantly associated with educational level and physical inactivity only in men. The results suggest the need to adopt integrated strategies to reduce the magnitude of multimorbidity, specific by gender, including actions for health promotion, disease prevention, health surveillance and comprehensive health care in Brazil.
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spelling pubmed-102785732023-06-20 Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey Pereira, Cristina Camargo Pedroso, Charlise Fortunato Batista, Sandro Rogério Rodrigues Guimarães, Rafael Alves Front Public Health Public Health INTRODUCTION: Multimorbidity, defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases in the same individual, represents a significant health challenge. However, there is limited evidence on its prevalence and associated factors in developing countries, such as Brazil, especially stratified by sex. Thus, this study aims to estimate the prevalence and analyze the factors associated with multimorbidity in Brazilian adults according to sex. METHODS: Cross-sectional population-based household survey carried out with Brazilian adults aged 18 years or older. The sampling strategy consisted of a three-stage conglomerate plan. The three stages were performed through simple random sampling. Data were collected through individual interviews. Multimorbidity was classified based on a list of 14 self-reported chronic diseases/conditions. Poisson regression analysis was performed to estimate the magnitude of the association between sociodemographic and lifestyle factors with the prevalence of multimorbidity stratified by sex. RESULTS: A total of 88,531 individuals were included. In absolute terms, the prevalence of multimorbidity was 29.4%. The frequency in men and women was 22.7 and 35.4%, respectively. Overall, multimorbidity was more prevalent among women, the older people, residents of the South and Southeast regions, urban area residents, former smokers, current smokers, physically inactive, overweight, and obese adults. Individuals with complete high school/incomplete higher education had a lower prevalence of multimorbidity than those with higher educational level. The associations between education and multimorbidity differed between sexes. In men, multimorbidity was inversely associated with the strata of complete middle school/incomplete high school and complete high school/incomplete higher education, while in women, the association between these variables was not observed. Physical inactivity was positively associated with a higher prevalence of multimorbidity only in men. An inverse association was verified between the recommended fruit and vegetable consumption and multimorbidity for the total sample and both sexes. CONCLUSION: One in four adults had multimorbidity. Prevalence increased with increasing age, among women, and was associated with some lifestyles. Multimorbidity was significantly associated with educational level and physical inactivity only in men. The results suggest the need to adopt integrated strategies to reduce the magnitude of multimorbidity, specific by gender, including actions for health promotion, disease prevention, health surveillance and comprehensive health care in Brazil. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10278573/ /pubmed/37342274 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1193428 Text en Copyright © 2023 Pereira, Pedroso, Batista and Guimarães. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Public Health
Pereira, Cristina Camargo
Pedroso, Charlise Fortunato
Batista, Sandro Rogério Rodrigues
Guimarães, Rafael Alves
Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey
title Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey
title_full Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey
title_fullStr Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey
title_short Prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in Brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey
title_sort prevalence and factors associated with multimorbidity in adults in brazil, according to sex: a population-based cross-sectional survey
topic Public Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10278573/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37342274
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1193428
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