Renal Vein Thrombosis Treated With Apixaban in a Patient With COVID-19: A Case Report

Renal vein thrombosis (RVT) is a rare condition characterized by the formation of a blood clot in one or both of the renal veins. Bilateral involvement is more common, but when the condition affects only one side, it usually occurs on the left due to more extensive venous vasculature compared to the right side. RVT can be caused by various factors such as trauma, dehydration, malignancy, and a hypercoagulable state. Acute RVT is typically more severe than chronic, and it can cause symptoms such as renal infarction, acute kidney injury, renal failure, severe flank pain, and hematuria. Some cases of RVT have also been linked to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is widely recognized to induce a hypercoagulable state. The standard treatment for RVT is warfarin but in this case report, we describe a COVID-19 patient with RVT whose thrombus was successfully treated with direct-acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC) apixaban for six months.