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Differences in airborne stability of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is impacted by alkalinity of surrogates of respiratory aerosol
The mechanistic factors hypothesized to be key drivers for the loss of infectivity of viruses in the aerosol phase often remain speculative. Using a next-generation bioaerosol technology, we report measurements of the aero-stability of several SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in aerosol droplets of we...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Royal Society
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10282576/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37340783 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2023.0062 |
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author | Haddrell, Allen Otero-Fernandez, Mara Oswin, Henry Cogan, Tristan Bazire, James Tian, Jianghan Alexander, Robert Mann, Jamie F. S. Hill, Darryl Finn, Adam Davidson, Andrew D. Reid, Jonathan P. |
author_facet | Haddrell, Allen Otero-Fernandez, Mara Oswin, Henry Cogan, Tristan Bazire, James Tian, Jianghan Alexander, Robert Mann, Jamie F. S. Hill, Darryl Finn, Adam Davidson, Andrew D. Reid, Jonathan P. |
author_sort | Haddrell, Allen |
collection | PubMed |
description | The mechanistic factors hypothesized to be key drivers for the loss of infectivity of viruses in the aerosol phase often remain speculative. Using a next-generation bioaerosol technology, we report measurements of the aero-stability of several SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in aerosol droplets of well-defined size and composition at high (90%) and low (40%) relative humidity (RH) upwards of 40 min. When compared with the ancestral virus, the infectivity of the Delta variant displayed different decay profiles. At low RH, a loss of viral infectivity of approximately 55% was observed over the initial 5 s for both variants. Regardless of RH and variant, greater than 95% of the viral infectivity was lost after 40 min of being aerosolized. Aero-stability of the variants correlate with their sensitivities to alkaline pH. Removal of all acidic vapours dramatically increased the rate of infectivity decay, with 90% loss after 2 min, while the addition of nitric acid vapour improved aero-stability. Similar aero-stability in droplets of artificial saliva and growth medium was observed. A model to predict loss of viral infectivity is proposed: at high RH, the high pH of exhaled aerosol drives viral infectivity loss; at low RH, high salt content limits the loss of viral infectivity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10282576 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | The Royal Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102825762023-06-22 Differences in airborne stability of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is impacted by alkalinity of surrogates of respiratory aerosol Haddrell, Allen Otero-Fernandez, Mara Oswin, Henry Cogan, Tristan Bazire, James Tian, Jianghan Alexander, Robert Mann, Jamie F. S. Hill, Darryl Finn, Adam Davidson, Andrew D. Reid, Jonathan P. J R Soc Interface Life Sciences–Chemistry interface The mechanistic factors hypothesized to be key drivers for the loss of infectivity of viruses in the aerosol phase often remain speculative. Using a next-generation bioaerosol technology, we report measurements of the aero-stability of several SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in aerosol droplets of well-defined size and composition at high (90%) and low (40%) relative humidity (RH) upwards of 40 min. When compared with the ancestral virus, the infectivity of the Delta variant displayed different decay profiles. At low RH, a loss of viral infectivity of approximately 55% was observed over the initial 5 s for both variants. Regardless of RH and variant, greater than 95% of the viral infectivity was lost after 40 min of being aerosolized. Aero-stability of the variants correlate with their sensitivities to alkaline pH. Removal of all acidic vapours dramatically increased the rate of infectivity decay, with 90% loss after 2 min, while the addition of nitric acid vapour improved aero-stability. Similar aero-stability in droplets of artificial saliva and growth medium was observed. A model to predict loss of viral infectivity is proposed: at high RH, the high pH of exhaled aerosol drives viral infectivity loss; at low RH, high salt content limits the loss of viral infectivity. The Royal Society 2023-06-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10282576/ /pubmed/37340783 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2023.0062 Text en © 2023 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Life Sciences–Chemistry interface Haddrell, Allen Otero-Fernandez, Mara Oswin, Henry Cogan, Tristan Bazire, James Tian, Jianghan Alexander, Robert Mann, Jamie F. S. Hill, Darryl Finn, Adam Davidson, Andrew D. Reid, Jonathan P. Differences in airborne stability of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is impacted by alkalinity of surrogates of respiratory aerosol |
title | Differences in airborne stability of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is impacted by alkalinity of surrogates of respiratory aerosol |
title_full | Differences in airborne stability of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is impacted by alkalinity of surrogates of respiratory aerosol |
title_fullStr | Differences in airborne stability of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is impacted by alkalinity of surrogates of respiratory aerosol |
title_full_unstemmed | Differences in airborne stability of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is impacted by alkalinity of surrogates of respiratory aerosol |
title_short | Differences in airborne stability of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern is impacted by alkalinity of surrogates of respiratory aerosol |
title_sort | differences in airborne stability of sars-cov-2 variants of concern is impacted by alkalinity of surrogates of respiratory aerosol |
topic | Life Sciences–Chemistry interface |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10282576/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37340783 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2023.0062 |
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