Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Orbital and Ocular Adnexal Squamous Cell Carcinomas: International Society of Ocular Oncology President's Lecture, 2022

To summarize an invited lecture topic from the proceedings of the International Society of Ocular Oncology meeting in Leiden in 2022. Mechanism of action, indications, and the authors’ clinical experience with immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with locally advanced ocular adnexal squamous cell carcinoma are summarized. Several cases of locally advanced conjunctival, eyelid, and lacrimal sac/duct squamous cell carcinoma that were successfully treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (PD-1 directed) are shared. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are effective at reducing tumor size and enabling eye-preserving surgery in patients with locally advanced ocular adnexal squamous cell carcinoma with orbital invasion. They present a new strategy for the treatment of locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the ocular adnexa and orbit.