Cargando…
Racial and Sex Disparities in Resident Attrition in Orthopaedic Surgery
Studies have suggested that female individuals and individuals from backgrounds under-represented in medicine (URiM) are at increased risk of attrition during residency. This likely exacerbates the lack of diversity in our field. The aims of this study were to (1) characterize demographic compositio...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10284323/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37351087 http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.OA.22.00148 |
_version_ | 1785061376932184064 |
---|---|
author | Haruno, Lee S. Chen, Xi Metzger, Melodie Lin, Carol A. Little, Milton T.M. Kanim, Linda E.A. Poon, Selina C. |
author_facet | Haruno, Lee S. Chen, Xi Metzger, Melodie Lin, Carol A. Little, Milton T.M. Kanim, Linda E.A. Poon, Selina C. |
author_sort | Haruno, Lee S. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Studies have suggested that female individuals and individuals from backgrounds under-represented in medicine (URiM) are at increased risk of attrition during residency. This likely exacerbates the lack of diversity in our field. The aims of this study were to (1) characterize demographic composition in orthopaedic residency from 2001 to 2018 and (2) determine the race/ethnicity and identify any disparities. METHODS: Demographic and attrition data from 2001 to 2018 were obtained from the Association of American Medical Colleges. Attrition data comprised the following categories: withdrawals, dismissals, and transfers to another specialty. Analysis compared demographic composition and determined attrition rates with subgroup analysis by race/ethnicity and sex. RESULTS: From 2001 to 2018, female orthopaedic residents increased from 8.77% to 15.54% and URiM residents from 9.49% to 11.32%. The overall and unintended attrition rates in orthopaedic surgery were 3.20% and 1.15%, respectively. Among female residents, the overall and unintended attrition rates were 5.96% and 2.09% compared with 2.79% and 1.01%, respectively, in male residents. URiM residents had overall and unintended attrition rates of 6.16% and 3.11% compared with 2.71% and 0.83%, respectively, for their White counterparts. Black/African American residents had an attrition rate of nearly 10%. Female residents averaged 12.9% of all residents but 24% of those leaving orthopaedics. URiM residents were 10.14% of all residents but 19.51% of those experiencing attrition. In logistic regression models, female residents had a relative risk (RR) of 2.20 (p < 0.001) for experiencing all-cause attrition and 2.09 (p < 0.001) for unintended attrition compared with male residents. Compared with their White male counterparts, URiM residents had a RR for overall and unintended attrition of 2.36 and 3.84 (p < 0.001), respectively; Black/African American residents had a RR for the same of 3.80 and 7.20 (p < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION: Although female resident percentage has increased, orthopaedics continues to train fewer female surgeons than all other fields. Female and URiM residents in orthopaedic surgery are disproportionately affected by attrition. While recruitment has been the primary focus of diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts, this study suggests that resident retention through appropriately supporting residents during training is equally critical. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10284323 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102843232023-06-22 Racial and Sex Disparities in Resident Attrition in Orthopaedic Surgery Haruno, Lee S. Chen, Xi Metzger, Melodie Lin, Carol A. Little, Milton T.M. Kanim, Linda E.A. Poon, Selina C. JB JS Open Access AOA Critical Issues in Education Studies have suggested that female individuals and individuals from backgrounds under-represented in medicine (URiM) are at increased risk of attrition during residency. This likely exacerbates the lack of diversity in our field. The aims of this study were to (1) characterize demographic composition in orthopaedic residency from 2001 to 2018 and (2) determine the race/ethnicity and identify any disparities. METHODS: Demographic and attrition data from 2001 to 2018 were obtained from the Association of American Medical Colleges. Attrition data comprised the following categories: withdrawals, dismissals, and transfers to another specialty. Analysis compared demographic composition and determined attrition rates with subgroup analysis by race/ethnicity and sex. RESULTS: From 2001 to 2018, female orthopaedic residents increased from 8.77% to 15.54% and URiM residents from 9.49% to 11.32%. The overall and unintended attrition rates in orthopaedic surgery were 3.20% and 1.15%, respectively. Among female residents, the overall and unintended attrition rates were 5.96% and 2.09% compared with 2.79% and 1.01%, respectively, in male residents. URiM residents had overall and unintended attrition rates of 6.16% and 3.11% compared with 2.71% and 0.83%, respectively, for their White counterparts. Black/African American residents had an attrition rate of nearly 10%. Female residents averaged 12.9% of all residents but 24% of those leaving orthopaedics. URiM residents were 10.14% of all residents but 19.51% of those experiencing attrition. In logistic regression models, female residents had a relative risk (RR) of 2.20 (p < 0.001) for experiencing all-cause attrition and 2.09 (p < 0.001) for unintended attrition compared with male residents. Compared with their White male counterparts, URiM residents had a RR for overall and unintended attrition of 2.36 and 3.84 (p < 0.001), respectively; Black/African American residents had a RR for the same of 3.80 and 7.20 (p < 0.001), respectively. CONCLUSION: Although female resident percentage has increased, orthopaedics continues to train fewer female surgeons than all other fields. Female and URiM residents in orthopaedic surgery are disproportionately affected by attrition. While recruitment has been the primary focus of diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts, this study suggests that resident retention through appropriately supporting residents during training is equally critical. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc. 2023-06-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10284323/ /pubmed/37351087 http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.OA.22.00148 Text en Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Incorporated. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. |
spellingShingle | AOA Critical Issues in Education Haruno, Lee S. Chen, Xi Metzger, Melodie Lin, Carol A. Little, Milton T.M. Kanim, Linda E.A. Poon, Selina C. Racial and Sex Disparities in Resident Attrition in Orthopaedic Surgery |
title | Racial and Sex Disparities in Resident Attrition in Orthopaedic Surgery |
title_full | Racial and Sex Disparities in Resident Attrition in Orthopaedic Surgery |
title_fullStr | Racial and Sex Disparities in Resident Attrition in Orthopaedic Surgery |
title_full_unstemmed | Racial and Sex Disparities in Resident Attrition in Orthopaedic Surgery |
title_short | Racial and Sex Disparities in Resident Attrition in Orthopaedic Surgery |
title_sort | racial and sex disparities in resident attrition in orthopaedic surgery |
topic | AOA Critical Issues in Education |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10284323/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37351087 http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.OA.22.00148 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT harunolees racialandsexdisparitiesinresidentattritioninorthopaedicsurgery AT chenxi racialandsexdisparitiesinresidentattritioninorthopaedicsurgery AT metzgermelodie racialandsexdisparitiesinresidentattritioninorthopaedicsurgery AT lincarola racialandsexdisparitiesinresidentattritioninorthopaedicsurgery AT littlemiltontm racialandsexdisparitiesinresidentattritioninorthopaedicsurgery AT kanimlindaea racialandsexdisparitiesinresidentattritioninorthopaedicsurgery AT poonselinac racialandsexdisparitiesinresidentattritioninorthopaedicsurgery |