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Effect of nitrogen application on enhancing high-temperature stress tolerance of tomato plants during the flowering and fruiting stage

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen application on growth, photosynthetic performance, nitrogen metabolism activities, and fruit quality of tomato plants under high-temperature (HT) stress. Three levels of daily minimum/daily maximum temperature were adopted during the fl...

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Autores principales: Luo, Jing, Yang, Zaiqiang, Zhang, Fengyin, Li, Chunying
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10285307/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37360700
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1172078
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author Luo, Jing
Yang, Zaiqiang
Zhang, Fengyin
Li, Chunying
author_facet Luo, Jing
Yang, Zaiqiang
Zhang, Fengyin
Li, Chunying
author_sort Luo, Jing
collection PubMed
description This study was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen application on growth, photosynthetic performance, nitrogen metabolism activities, and fruit quality of tomato plants under high-temperature (HT) stress. Three levels of daily minimum/daily maximum temperature were adopted during the flowering and fruiting stage, namely control (CK; 18°C/28°C), sub-high temperature (SHT; 25°C/35°C), and high-temperature (HT; 30°C/40°C) stress. The levels of nitrogen (urea, 46% N) were set as 0 (N(1)), 125 (N(2)), 187.5 (N(3)), 250 (N(4)), and 312.5 (N(5)) kg hm(2), respectively, and the duration lasted for 5 days (short-term). HT stress inhibited the growth, yield, and fruit quality of tomato plants. Interestingly, short-term SHT stress improved growth and yield via higher photosynthetic efficiency and nitrogen metabolism whereas fruit quality was reduced. Appropriate nitrogen application can enhance the high-temperature stress tolerance of tomato plants. The maximum net photosynthetic rate (P (Nmax)), stomatal conductance (g (s)), stomatal limit value (L(S)), water-use efficiency (WUE), nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), soluble protein, and free amino acids were the highest in N(3), N(3), and N(2), respectively, for CK, SHT, and HT stress, whereas carbon dioxide concentration (C (i)), was the lowest. In addition, maximum SPAD value, plant morphology, yield, Vitamin C, soluble sugar, lycopene, and soluble solids occurred at N(3)-N(4), N(3)-N(4), and N(2)-N(3), respectively, for CK, SHT, and HT stress. Based on the principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation, we found that the optimum nitrogen application for tomato growth, yield, and fruit quality was 230.23 kg hm(2) (N(3)-N(4)), 230.02 kg hm(2) (N(3)-N(4)), and 115.32 kg hm(2) (N(2)), respectively, at CK, SHT, and HT stress. Results revealed that the high yield and good fruit quality of tomato plants at high temperatures can be maintained by higher photosynthesis, nitrogen efficiency, and nutrients with moderate nitrogen.
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spelling pubmed-102853072023-06-23 Effect of nitrogen application on enhancing high-temperature stress tolerance of tomato plants during the flowering and fruiting stage Luo, Jing Yang, Zaiqiang Zhang, Fengyin Li, Chunying Front Plant Sci Plant Science This study was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen application on growth, photosynthetic performance, nitrogen metabolism activities, and fruit quality of tomato plants under high-temperature (HT) stress. Three levels of daily minimum/daily maximum temperature were adopted during the flowering and fruiting stage, namely control (CK; 18°C/28°C), sub-high temperature (SHT; 25°C/35°C), and high-temperature (HT; 30°C/40°C) stress. The levels of nitrogen (urea, 46% N) were set as 0 (N(1)), 125 (N(2)), 187.5 (N(3)), 250 (N(4)), and 312.5 (N(5)) kg hm(2), respectively, and the duration lasted for 5 days (short-term). HT stress inhibited the growth, yield, and fruit quality of tomato plants. Interestingly, short-term SHT stress improved growth and yield via higher photosynthetic efficiency and nitrogen metabolism whereas fruit quality was reduced. Appropriate nitrogen application can enhance the high-temperature stress tolerance of tomato plants. The maximum net photosynthetic rate (P (Nmax)), stomatal conductance (g (s)), stomatal limit value (L(S)), water-use efficiency (WUE), nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), soluble protein, and free amino acids were the highest in N(3), N(3), and N(2), respectively, for CK, SHT, and HT stress, whereas carbon dioxide concentration (C (i)), was the lowest. In addition, maximum SPAD value, plant morphology, yield, Vitamin C, soluble sugar, lycopene, and soluble solids occurred at N(3)-N(4), N(3)-N(4), and N(2)-N(3), respectively, for CK, SHT, and HT stress. Based on the principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation, we found that the optimum nitrogen application for tomato growth, yield, and fruit quality was 230.23 kg hm(2) (N(3)-N(4)), 230.02 kg hm(2) (N(3)-N(4)), and 115.32 kg hm(2) (N(2)), respectively, at CK, SHT, and HT stress. Results revealed that the high yield and good fruit quality of tomato plants at high temperatures can be maintained by higher photosynthesis, nitrogen efficiency, and nutrients with moderate nitrogen. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-06-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10285307/ /pubmed/37360700 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1172078 Text en Copyright © 2023 Luo, Yang, Zhang and Li https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Luo, Jing
Yang, Zaiqiang
Zhang, Fengyin
Li, Chunying
Effect of nitrogen application on enhancing high-temperature stress tolerance of tomato plants during the flowering and fruiting stage
title Effect of nitrogen application on enhancing high-temperature stress tolerance of tomato plants during the flowering and fruiting stage
title_full Effect of nitrogen application on enhancing high-temperature stress tolerance of tomato plants during the flowering and fruiting stage
title_fullStr Effect of nitrogen application on enhancing high-temperature stress tolerance of tomato plants during the flowering and fruiting stage
title_full_unstemmed Effect of nitrogen application on enhancing high-temperature stress tolerance of tomato plants during the flowering and fruiting stage
title_short Effect of nitrogen application on enhancing high-temperature stress tolerance of tomato plants during the flowering and fruiting stage
title_sort effect of nitrogen application on enhancing high-temperature stress tolerance of tomato plants during the flowering and fruiting stage
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10285307/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37360700
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1172078
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