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Triple Silicon, Phosphorous, and Nitrogen-Grafted Lignin-Based Flame Retardant and Its Vulcanization Promotion for Styrene Butadiene Rubber

[Image: see text] In this study, we present an innovative environmental silicon-, phosphorus-, and nitrogen-triple lignin-based flame retardant (Lig-K-DOPO). Lig-K-DOPO was successfully prepared by condensation of lignin with flame retardant intermediate DOPO-KH550 synthesized via Atherton–Todd reac...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Li, Jianxing, Yan, Zepei, Liu, Ming, Han, Xiaokun, Lu, Tianyun, Liu, Ruiyin, Zhao, Shugao, Lv, Qing, Li, Bo, Zhao, Shengqin, Wang, He
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Chemical Society 2023
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10286291/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37360429
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.3c00714
Descripción
Sumario:[Image: see text] In this study, we present an innovative environmental silicon-, phosphorus-, and nitrogen-triple lignin-based flame retardant (Lig-K-DOPO). Lig-K-DOPO was successfully prepared by condensation of lignin with flame retardant intermediate DOPO-KH550 synthesized via Atherton–Todd reaction between 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (KH550A). The presence of silicon, phosphate, and nitrogen groups was characterized by FTIR, XPS, and (31)P NMR spectroscopy. Lig-K-DOPO exhibited advanced thermal stability compared with pristine lignin supported by TGA analysis. The curing characteristic measurement showed that addition of Lig-K-DOPO promoted the curing rate and crosslink density to styrene butadiene rubber (SBR). Moreover, the cone calorimetry results indicated Lig-K-DOPO conferred impressive flame retardancy and smoke suppression. The addition of 20 phr Lig-K-DOPO reduced SBR blends 19.1% peak heat release rate (PHRR), 13.2% total heat release (THR), 53.2% smoke production rate (SPR), and 45.7% peak smoke production rate (PSPR). This strategy provides insights into multifunctional additives and greatly extends the comprehensive utilization of industrial lignin.