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Identifying successful combinations by fertility index in old garden roses and hybrid tea roses crosses
The success of rose breeding programs is low due to poor seed sets and germination rates. Determining fertile parents and cross combinations that show high compatibility could increase the effectiveness of breeding programs. In this study, three rose varieties belonging to Rosa × hybrida (Jumilia, F...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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PeerJ Inc.
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10286800/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37361039 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15526 |
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author | Kılıç, Tuğba |
author_facet | Kılıç, Tuğba |
author_sort | Kılıç, Tuğba |
collection | PubMed |
description | The success of rose breeding programs is low due to poor seed sets and germination rates. Determining fertile parents and cross combinations that show high compatibility could increase the effectiveness of breeding programs. In this study, three rose varieties belonging to Rosa × hybrida (Jumilia, First Red and Magnum), and two old garden rose species (Black Rose and Cabbage Rose) with known ploidy levels were reciprocally crossbred under controlled conditions to determine the successful crosses by checking fertility. The pollen germination rate (PG), crossability rate (CR), seed number per fruit (SNpF), seed production efficiency (SPE), seed germination rate (SGR), fruit weight (FW), seed weight (SW) and stigma number (SiN), etc. were recorded. Comprehensive fertility index value was calculated. Principal component analysis (PCA), correlation matrix, and hierarchical heat map were used to evaluate the data. The findings showed that old garden roses had more viable pollen than hybrid tea roses. The crossing success improved as pollen fertility increased. Also, female parent fertility improved crossing success just as much as pollen fertility. Although the pollen fertility and stigma numbers were low, some combinations had higher CR and SPE. The maximum SPE (from 8.67% to 19.46%) was determined in combinations where Black Rose was the female parent despite the lower stigma number and low pollen fertility. The highest CR was recorded in Black Rose × First Red (94.36%). All combinations in which Black Rose was used as the female parent had a more stable CR. The SNpF of combinations where hybrid rose varieties were female parents and old garden roses were pollen parents was higher than other combinations where hybrid rose varieties were both female and pollen parents. The SPE in intraspecific crosses was lower than that obtained from interspecific crosses. Moreover, the SGR decreased in combinations that produced heavier seeds. The results suggested that SPE is a more accurate parameter than SNpF in demonstrating combination success in breeding programs. Black Rose × First Red, Black Rose × Jumilia, Black Rose × Magnum and Black Rose × Cabbage Rose combinations can be used successfully as the PCA and heat map showed. Black Rose showed better performance as both seed and pollen parents according to the comprehensive fertility index. From the correlation matrix, it is understood that the number of stigmas cannot be an important criterion in parent selection. Old garden roses can be used as parents to increase the success of breeding programs. However, it is necessary to reveal how successful they are in transferring desired characteristics such as scent, petal number, and color. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10286800 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102868002023-06-23 Identifying successful combinations by fertility index in old garden roses and hybrid tea roses crosses Kılıç, Tuğba PeerJ Agricultural Science The success of rose breeding programs is low due to poor seed sets and germination rates. Determining fertile parents and cross combinations that show high compatibility could increase the effectiveness of breeding programs. In this study, three rose varieties belonging to Rosa × hybrida (Jumilia, First Red and Magnum), and two old garden rose species (Black Rose and Cabbage Rose) with known ploidy levels were reciprocally crossbred under controlled conditions to determine the successful crosses by checking fertility. The pollen germination rate (PG), crossability rate (CR), seed number per fruit (SNpF), seed production efficiency (SPE), seed germination rate (SGR), fruit weight (FW), seed weight (SW) and stigma number (SiN), etc. were recorded. Comprehensive fertility index value was calculated. Principal component analysis (PCA), correlation matrix, and hierarchical heat map were used to evaluate the data. The findings showed that old garden roses had more viable pollen than hybrid tea roses. The crossing success improved as pollen fertility increased. Also, female parent fertility improved crossing success just as much as pollen fertility. Although the pollen fertility and stigma numbers were low, some combinations had higher CR and SPE. The maximum SPE (from 8.67% to 19.46%) was determined in combinations where Black Rose was the female parent despite the lower stigma number and low pollen fertility. The highest CR was recorded in Black Rose × First Red (94.36%). All combinations in which Black Rose was used as the female parent had a more stable CR. The SNpF of combinations where hybrid rose varieties were female parents and old garden roses were pollen parents was higher than other combinations where hybrid rose varieties were both female and pollen parents. The SPE in intraspecific crosses was lower than that obtained from interspecific crosses. Moreover, the SGR decreased in combinations that produced heavier seeds. The results suggested that SPE is a more accurate parameter than SNpF in demonstrating combination success in breeding programs. Black Rose × First Red, Black Rose × Jumilia, Black Rose × Magnum and Black Rose × Cabbage Rose combinations can be used successfully as the PCA and heat map showed. Black Rose showed better performance as both seed and pollen parents according to the comprehensive fertility index. From the correlation matrix, it is understood that the number of stigmas cannot be an important criterion in parent selection. Old garden roses can be used as parents to increase the success of breeding programs. However, it is necessary to reveal how successful they are in transferring desired characteristics such as scent, petal number, and color. PeerJ Inc. 2023-06-19 /pmc/articles/PMC10286800/ /pubmed/37361039 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15526 Text en ©2023 Kılıç https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Agricultural Science Kılıç, Tuğba Identifying successful combinations by fertility index in old garden roses and hybrid tea roses crosses |
title | Identifying successful combinations by fertility index in old garden roses and hybrid tea roses crosses |
title_full | Identifying successful combinations by fertility index in old garden roses and hybrid tea roses crosses |
title_fullStr | Identifying successful combinations by fertility index in old garden roses and hybrid tea roses crosses |
title_full_unstemmed | Identifying successful combinations by fertility index in old garden roses and hybrid tea roses crosses |
title_short | Identifying successful combinations by fertility index in old garden roses and hybrid tea roses crosses |
title_sort | identifying successful combinations by fertility index in old garden roses and hybrid tea roses crosses |
topic | Agricultural Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10286800/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37361039 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15526 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT kılıctugba identifyingsuccessfulcombinationsbyfertilityindexinoldgardenrosesandhybridtearosescrosses |