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High-intensity interval training prevents muscle mass loss in overweight Chilean young adults during a hypocaloric-Mediterranean diet: a randomized trial

The hypocaloric Mediterranean diet (MD) mainly reduces fat mass but inevitably causes a loss of skeletal muscle mass. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) seems to have advantages in preserving muscle mass during a hypocaloric regime. Our study compares body composition and metabolic changes in o...

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Autores principales: Monsalves-Álvarez, Matías, Jiménez, Teresa, Bunout, Daniel, Barrera, Gladys, Hirsch, Sandra, Sepúlveda-Guzman, Carlos, Silva, Claudio, Rodriguez, Juan M., Troncoso, Rodrigo, de la Maza, María Pía
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10287981/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37360303
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1181436
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author Monsalves-Álvarez, Matías
Jiménez, Teresa
Bunout, Daniel
Barrera, Gladys
Hirsch, Sandra
Sepúlveda-Guzman, Carlos
Silva, Claudio
Rodriguez, Juan M.
Troncoso, Rodrigo
de la Maza, María Pía
author_facet Monsalves-Álvarez, Matías
Jiménez, Teresa
Bunout, Daniel
Barrera, Gladys
Hirsch, Sandra
Sepúlveda-Guzman, Carlos
Silva, Claudio
Rodriguez, Juan M.
Troncoso, Rodrigo
de la Maza, María Pía
author_sort Monsalves-Álvarez, Matías
collection PubMed
description The hypocaloric Mediterranean diet (MD) mainly reduces fat mass but inevitably causes a loss of skeletal muscle mass. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) seems to have advantages in preserving muscle mass during a hypocaloric regime. Our study compares body composition and metabolic changes in overweight and obese Chilean women and men after 3 months of weight loss treatment with a Mediterranean-type hypocaloric diet, HIIT, or a combination of both. The study included 83 overweight or obese women and men between the ages of 25 and 50. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of the three intervention groups: (1) MD, (2) EX, and (3) MD + EX. Baseline and post-intervention measurements included: (a) body composition by dual-beam densitometry, muscle, and fat measurements by thigh ultrasound and computed tomography; (b) handgrip and quadriceps muscle strength; (c) exercise performance by peak oxygen consumption, peak load, work efficiency, and exercise energy expenditure; and (d) metabolic parameters. Out of 83 participants, the retention rate was 49% due to low compliance with the interventions. As expected, the MD group resulted in significantly greater weight loss (MD −7%, EX −0.6% and MD + EX −5.3%) and appendicular fat mass loss (MD −11.1%, EX −2.9, MD + EX −10.2%) but was associated with significant lean tissue loss (2.8%), which was prevented by HIIT (EX −0.1 and MD + EX −0.6%). Metabolic and glycoxidative parameters remained unchanged, irrespective of changes in body composition. Hypocaloric diets remain the most effective means to lose weight and body fat. However, it induces a loss of lean body mass when not accompanied by exercise training. This study shows that HIIT prevents the loss of muscle mass caused by a hypocaloric Mediterranean diet.
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spelling pubmed-102879812023-06-24 High-intensity interval training prevents muscle mass loss in overweight Chilean young adults during a hypocaloric-Mediterranean diet: a randomized trial Monsalves-Álvarez, Matías Jiménez, Teresa Bunout, Daniel Barrera, Gladys Hirsch, Sandra Sepúlveda-Guzman, Carlos Silva, Claudio Rodriguez, Juan M. Troncoso, Rodrigo de la Maza, María Pía Front Nutr Nutrition The hypocaloric Mediterranean diet (MD) mainly reduces fat mass but inevitably causes a loss of skeletal muscle mass. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) seems to have advantages in preserving muscle mass during a hypocaloric regime. Our study compares body composition and metabolic changes in overweight and obese Chilean women and men after 3 months of weight loss treatment with a Mediterranean-type hypocaloric diet, HIIT, or a combination of both. The study included 83 overweight or obese women and men between the ages of 25 and 50. The subjects were randomly assigned to one of the three intervention groups: (1) MD, (2) EX, and (3) MD + EX. Baseline and post-intervention measurements included: (a) body composition by dual-beam densitometry, muscle, and fat measurements by thigh ultrasound and computed tomography; (b) handgrip and quadriceps muscle strength; (c) exercise performance by peak oxygen consumption, peak load, work efficiency, and exercise energy expenditure; and (d) metabolic parameters. Out of 83 participants, the retention rate was 49% due to low compliance with the interventions. As expected, the MD group resulted in significantly greater weight loss (MD −7%, EX −0.6% and MD + EX −5.3%) and appendicular fat mass loss (MD −11.1%, EX −2.9, MD + EX −10.2%) but was associated with significant lean tissue loss (2.8%), which was prevented by HIIT (EX −0.1 and MD + EX −0.6%). Metabolic and glycoxidative parameters remained unchanged, irrespective of changes in body composition. Hypocaloric diets remain the most effective means to lose weight and body fat. However, it induces a loss of lean body mass when not accompanied by exercise training. This study shows that HIIT prevents the loss of muscle mass caused by a hypocaloric Mediterranean diet. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC10287981/ /pubmed/37360303 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1181436 Text en Copyright © 2023 Monsalves-Álvarez, Jiménez, Bunout, Barrera, Hirsch, Sepúlveda-Guzman, Silva, Rodriguez, Troncoso and de la Maza. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Nutrition
Monsalves-Álvarez, Matías
Jiménez, Teresa
Bunout, Daniel
Barrera, Gladys
Hirsch, Sandra
Sepúlveda-Guzman, Carlos
Silva, Claudio
Rodriguez, Juan M.
Troncoso, Rodrigo
de la Maza, María Pía
High-intensity interval training prevents muscle mass loss in overweight Chilean young adults during a hypocaloric-Mediterranean diet: a randomized trial
title High-intensity interval training prevents muscle mass loss in overweight Chilean young adults during a hypocaloric-Mediterranean diet: a randomized trial
title_full High-intensity interval training prevents muscle mass loss in overweight Chilean young adults during a hypocaloric-Mediterranean diet: a randomized trial
title_fullStr High-intensity interval training prevents muscle mass loss in overweight Chilean young adults during a hypocaloric-Mediterranean diet: a randomized trial
title_full_unstemmed High-intensity interval training prevents muscle mass loss in overweight Chilean young adults during a hypocaloric-Mediterranean diet: a randomized trial
title_short High-intensity interval training prevents muscle mass loss in overweight Chilean young adults during a hypocaloric-Mediterranean diet: a randomized trial
title_sort high-intensity interval training prevents muscle mass loss in overweight chilean young adults during a hypocaloric-mediterranean diet: a randomized trial
topic Nutrition
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10287981/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37360303
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1181436
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