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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and growth hormone act as anti-inflammatory factors improving sensory recovery in female rats with thoracic spinal cord injury
The potential for novel applications of classical hormones, such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and growth hormone (GH), to counteract neural harm is based on their demonstrated neurotrophic effects in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models and a growing number of clinical trials. T...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10288327/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37360158 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1164044 |
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author | Martínez-Moreno, Carlos Guillermo Calderón-Vallejo, Denisse Díaz-Galindo, Carmen Hernández-Jasso, Irma Olivares-Hernández, Juan David Ávila-Mendoza, José Epardo, David Balderas-Márquez, Jerusa Elienai Urban-Sosa, Valeria Alejandra Baltazar-Lara, Rosario Carranza, Martha Luna, Maricela Arámburo, Carlos Quintanar, José Luis |
author_facet | Martínez-Moreno, Carlos Guillermo Calderón-Vallejo, Denisse Díaz-Galindo, Carmen Hernández-Jasso, Irma Olivares-Hernández, Juan David Ávila-Mendoza, José Epardo, David Balderas-Márquez, Jerusa Elienai Urban-Sosa, Valeria Alejandra Baltazar-Lara, Rosario Carranza, Martha Luna, Maricela Arámburo, Carlos Quintanar, José Luis |
author_sort | Martínez-Moreno, Carlos Guillermo |
collection | PubMed |
description | The potential for novel applications of classical hormones, such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and growth hormone (GH), to counteract neural harm is based on their demonstrated neurotrophic effects in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models and a growing number of clinical trials. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic administration of GnRH and/or GH on the expression of several proinflammatory and glial activity markers in damaged neural tissues, as well as on sensory recovery, in animals submitted to thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI). Additionally, the effect of a combined GnRH + GH treatment was examined in comparison with single hormone administration. Spinal cord damage was induced by compression using catheter insufflation at thoracic vertebrae 10 (T10), resulting in significant motor and sensory deficits in the hindlimbs. Following SCI, treatments (GnRH, 60 μg/kg/12 h, IM; GH, 150 μg/kg/24 h, SC; the combination of both; or vehicle) were administered during either 3 or 5 weeks, beginning 24 h after injury onset and ending 24 h before sample collection. Our results indicate that a chronic treatment with GH and/or GnRH significantly reduced the expression of proinflammatory (IL6, IL1B, and iNOS) and glial activity (Iba1, CD86, CD206, vimentin, and GFAP) markers in the spinal cord tissue and improved sensory recovery in the lesioned animals. Furthermore, we found that the caudal section of the spinal cord was particularly responsive to GnRH or GH treatment, as well as to their combination. These findings provide evidence of an anti-inflammatory and glial-modulatory effect of GnRH and GH in an experimental model of SCI and suggest that these hormones can modulate the response of microglia, astrocytes, and infiltrated immune cells in the spinal cord tissue following injury. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10288327 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102883272023-06-24 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and growth hormone act as anti-inflammatory factors improving sensory recovery in female rats with thoracic spinal cord injury Martínez-Moreno, Carlos Guillermo Calderón-Vallejo, Denisse Díaz-Galindo, Carmen Hernández-Jasso, Irma Olivares-Hernández, Juan David Ávila-Mendoza, José Epardo, David Balderas-Márquez, Jerusa Elienai Urban-Sosa, Valeria Alejandra Baltazar-Lara, Rosario Carranza, Martha Luna, Maricela Arámburo, Carlos Quintanar, José Luis Front Neurosci Neuroscience The potential for novel applications of classical hormones, such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and growth hormone (GH), to counteract neural harm is based on their demonstrated neurotrophic effects in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models and a growing number of clinical trials. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic administration of GnRH and/or GH on the expression of several proinflammatory and glial activity markers in damaged neural tissues, as well as on sensory recovery, in animals submitted to thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI). Additionally, the effect of a combined GnRH + GH treatment was examined in comparison with single hormone administration. Spinal cord damage was induced by compression using catheter insufflation at thoracic vertebrae 10 (T10), resulting in significant motor and sensory deficits in the hindlimbs. Following SCI, treatments (GnRH, 60 μg/kg/12 h, IM; GH, 150 μg/kg/24 h, SC; the combination of both; or vehicle) were administered during either 3 or 5 weeks, beginning 24 h after injury onset and ending 24 h before sample collection. Our results indicate that a chronic treatment with GH and/or GnRH significantly reduced the expression of proinflammatory (IL6, IL1B, and iNOS) and glial activity (Iba1, CD86, CD206, vimentin, and GFAP) markers in the spinal cord tissue and improved sensory recovery in the lesioned animals. Furthermore, we found that the caudal section of the spinal cord was particularly responsive to GnRH or GH treatment, as well as to their combination. These findings provide evidence of an anti-inflammatory and glial-modulatory effect of GnRH and GH in an experimental model of SCI and suggest that these hormones can modulate the response of microglia, astrocytes, and infiltrated immune cells in the spinal cord tissue following injury. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC10288327/ /pubmed/37360158 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1164044 Text en Copyright © 2023 Martínez-Moreno, Calderón-Vallejo, Díaz-Galindo, Hernández-Jasso, Olivares-Hernández, Ávila-Mendoza, Epardo, Balderas-Márquez, Urban-Sosa, Baltazar-Lara, Carranza, Luna, Arámburo and Quintanar. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Martínez-Moreno, Carlos Guillermo Calderón-Vallejo, Denisse Díaz-Galindo, Carmen Hernández-Jasso, Irma Olivares-Hernández, Juan David Ávila-Mendoza, José Epardo, David Balderas-Márquez, Jerusa Elienai Urban-Sosa, Valeria Alejandra Baltazar-Lara, Rosario Carranza, Martha Luna, Maricela Arámburo, Carlos Quintanar, José Luis Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and growth hormone act as anti-inflammatory factors improving sensory recovery in female rats with thoracic spinal cord injury |
title | Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and growth hormone act as anti-inflammatory factors improving sensory recovery in female rats with thoracic spinal cord injury |
title_full | Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and growth hormone act as anti-inflammatory factors improving sensory recovery in female rats with thoracic spinal cord injury |
title_fullStr | Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and growth hormone act as anti-inflammatory factors improving sensory recovery in female rats with thoracic spinal cord injury |
title_full_unstemmed | Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and growth hormone act as anti-inflammatory factors improving sensory recovery in female rats with thoracic spinal cord injury |
title_short | Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and growth hormone act as anti-inflammatory factors improving sensory recovery in female rats with thoracic spinal cord injury |
title_sort | gonadotropin-releasing hormone and growth hormone act as anti-inflammatory factors improving sensory recovery in female rats with thoracic spinal cord injury |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10288327/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37360158 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1164044 |
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