Cargando…
Exploring the molecular basis of resistance to Botrytis cinerea in chickpea genotypes through biochemical and morphological markers
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important pulse crop around the globe and a valuable source of protein in the human diet. However, it is highly susceptible to various plant pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, and viruses, which can cause significant damage from the seedling phase until harvest, l...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10289086/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37361041 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15560 |
_version_ | 1785062205667934208 |
---|---|
author | Thakur, Richa Sharma, Sucheta Devi, Rajni Sirari, Asmita Tiwari, Rahul Kumar Lal, Milan Kumar Kumar, Ravinder |
author_facet | Thakur, Richa Sharma, Sucheta Devi, Rajni Sirari, Asmita Tiwari, Rahul Kumar Lal, Milan Kumar Kumar, Ravinder |
author_sort | Thakur, Richa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important pulse crop around the globe and a valuable source of protein in the human diet. However, it is highly susceptible to various plant pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, and viruses, which can cause significant damage from the seedling phase until harvest, leading to reduced yields and affecting its production. Botrytis cinerea can cause significant damage to chickpea crops, especially under high humidity and moisture conditions. This fungus can cause grey mould disease, which can lead to wilting, stem and pod rot, and reduced yields. Chickpea plants have developed specific barriers to counteract the harmful effects of this fungus. These barriers include biochemical and structural defences. In this study, the defence responses against B. cinerea were measured by the quantification of biochemical metabolites such as antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, glutathione (GSH), H(2)O(2), ascorbic acid (AA) and total phenol in the leaf samples of chickpea genotypes (one accession of wild Cicer species, viz. Cicer pinnatifidum188 identified with high level of resistance to Botrytis grey mould (BGM) and a cultivar, Cicer arietinumPBG5 susceptible to BGM grown in the greenhouse). Seedlings of both the genotypes were inoculated with (1 × 10(4) spore mL(−1)) inoculum of isolate 24, race 510 of B. cinerea and samples were collected after 1, 3, 5, and 7 days post-inoculation (dpi). The enhanced enzymatic activity was observed in the pathogen-inoculated leaf samples as compared to uninoculated (healthy control). Among inoculated genotypes, the resistant one exhibited a significant change in enzymatic activity, total phenolic content, MDA, proline, GSH, H(2)O(2), and AA, compared to the susceptible genotype. The study also examined the isozyme pattern of antioxidant enzymes at various stages of B. cinerea inoculation. Results from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed that BGM had a more significant impact on susceptible genotypes compared to resistant ones when compared to the control (un-inoculated). In addition, SEM and FTIR spectroscopy analyses confirmed the greater severity of BGM on susceptible genotypes compared to their resistant counterparts. Our results suggest the role of antioxidant enzymes and other metabolites as defence tools and biochemical markers to understand compatible and non-compatible plant-pathogen interactions better. The present investigation will assist future plant breeding programs aimed at developing resistant varieties. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10289086 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-102890862023-06-24 Exploring the molecular basis of resistance to Botrytis cinerea in chickpea genotypes through biochemical and morphological markers Thakur, Richa Sharma, Sucheta Devi, Rajni Sirari, Asmita Tiwari, Rahul Kumar Lal, Milan Kumar Kumar, Ravinder PeerJ Agricultural Science Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important pulse crop around the globe and a valuable source of protein in the human diet. However, it is highly susceptible to various plant pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, and viruses, which can cause significant damage from the seedling phase until harvest, leading to reduced yields and affecting its production. Botrytis cinerea can cause significant damage to chickpea crops, especially under high humidity and moisture conditions. This fungus can cause grey mould disease, which can lead to wilting, stem and pod rot, and reduced yields. Chickpea plants have developed specific barriers to counteract the harmful effects of this fungus. These barriers include biochemical and structural defences. In this study, the defence responses against B. cinerea were measured by the quantification of biochemical metabolites such as antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, glutathione (GSH), H(2)O(2), ascorbic acid (AA) and total phenol in the leaf samples of chickpea genotypes (one accession of wild Cicer species, viz. Cicer pinnatifidum188 identified with high level of resistance to Botrytis grey mould (BGM) and a cultivar, Cicer arietinumPBG5 susceptible to BGM grown in the greenhouse). Seedlings of both the genotypes were inoculated with (1 × 10(4) spore mL(−1)) inoculum of isolate 24, race 510 of B. cinerea and samples were collected after 1, 3, 5, and 7 days post-inoculation (dpi). The enhanced enzymatic activity was observed in the pathogen-inoculated leaf samples as compared to uninoculated (healthy control). Among inoculated genotypes, the resistant one exhibited a significant change in enzymatic activity, total phenolic content, MDA, proline, GSH, H(2)O(2), and AA, compared to the susceptible genotype. The study also examined the isozyme pattern of antioxidant enzymes at various stages of B. cinerea inoculation. Results from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed that BGM had a more significant impact on susceptible genotypes compared to resistant ones when compared to the control (un-inoculated). In addition, SEM and FTIR spectroscopy analyses confirmed the greater severity of BGM on susceptible genotypes compared to their resistant counterparts. Our results suggest the role of antioxidant enzymes and other metabolites as defence tools and biochemical markers to understand compatible and non-compatible plant-pathogen interactions better. The present investigation will assist future plant breeding programs aimed at developing resistant varieties. PeerJ Inc. 2023-06-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10289086/ /pubmed/37361041 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15560 Text en © 2023 Thakur et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Agricultural Science Thakur, Richa Sharma, Sucheta Devi, Rajni Sirari, Asmita Tiwari, Rahul Kumar Lal, Milan Kumar Kumar, Ravinder Exploring the molecular basis of resistance to Botrytis cinerea in chickpea genotypes through biochemical and morphological markers |
title | Exploring the molecular basis of resistance to Botrytis cinerea in chickpea genotypes through biochemical and morphological markers |
title_full | Exploring the molecular basis of resistance to Botrytis cinerea in chickpea genotypes through biochemical and morphological markers |
title_fullStr | Exploring the molecular basis of resistance to Botrytis cinerea in chickpea genotypes through biochemical and morphological markers |
title_full_unstemmed | Exploring the molecular basis of resistance to Botrytis cinerea in chickpea genotypes through biochemical and morphological markers |
title_short | Exploring the molecular basis of resistance to Botrytis cinerea in chickpea genotypes through biochemical and morphological markers |
title_sort | exploring the molecular basis of resistance to botrytis cinerea in chickpea genotypes through biochemical and morphological markers |
topic | Agricultural Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10289086/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37361041 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15560 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT thakurricha exploringthemolecularbasisofresistancetobotrytiscinereainchickpeagenotypesthroughbiochemicalandmorphologicalmarkers AT sharmasucheta exploringthemolecularbasisofresistancetobotrytiscinereainchickpeagenotypesthroughbiochemicalandmorphologicalmarkers AT devirajni exploringthemolecularbasisofresistancetobotrytiscinereainchickpeagenotypesthroughbiochemicalandmorphologicalmarkers AT sirariasmita exploringthemolecularbasisofresistancetobotrytiscinereainchickpeagenotypesthroughbiochemicalandmorphologicalmarkers AT tiwarirahulkumar exploringthemolecularbasisofresistancetobotrytiscinereainchickpeagenotypesthroughbiochemicalandmorphologicalmarkers AT lalmilankumar exploringthemolecularbasisofresistancetobotrytiscinereainchickpeagenotypesthroughbiochemicalandmorphologicalmarkers AT kumarravinder exploringthemolecularbasisofresistancetobotrytiscinereainchickpeagenotypesthroughbiochemicalandmorphologicalmarkers |